nsubj: nominal subject
The nsubj marks nominal subjects of the non-copular clause. Being Basque a morphologically ergative language, subjects of transitive verbs are marked with the ergative case, while subjects of intransitive verbs are marked with the absolutive case.
- English (example of an intransitive):
These two parts fold by the places that are marked .
- Basque:
Bi zati hauek markaturik dauden tokietatik tolesten dira .
Two parts these-abs marked are-that places aux-intrans-present .
Bi zati hauek markaturik dauden tokietatik tolesten dira .
det(zati-2, Bi-1)
nsubj(tolesten-7, zati-2)
det(zati-2, hauek-3)
acl(tokietatik-6, markaturik-4)
cop(markaturik-4, dauden-5)
nmod(tolesten-7, tokietatik-6)
aux(tolesten-7, dira-8)
- English (example of a transitive):
The change has caused huge discussions .
- Basque:
Eztabaida handiak sortu ditu aldaketak .
Discussion huge-pl cause aux-trans-present change-erg.
Eztabaida handiak sortu ditu aldaketak .
amod(Eztabaida-1, handiak-2)
nobj(sortu-3, Eztabaida-1)
aux(sortu-3, ditu-4)
nsubj(sortu-3, aldaketak-5)
Being Basque a free word order language, arguments of the verb can appear in different orders with respect to the verb.
- English (example of a transitive):
The change has caused huge discussions .
- Basque:
Aldaketak eztabaida handiak sortu ditu .
Change-erg discussion huge-pl cause aux-trans-present.
Aldaketak eztabaida handiak sortu ditu .
nsubj(sortu-4, Aldaketak-1)
amod(eztabaida-2, handiak-3)
nobj(sortu-4, eztabaida-2)
aux(sortu-4, ditu-5)
Treebank Statistics (UD_Basque)
This relation is universal.
8717 nodes (7%) are attached to their parents as nsubj.
7038 instances of nsubj (81%) are right-to-left (child precedes parent).
Average distance between parent and child is 3.34828496042216.
The following 77 pairs of parts of speech are connected with nsubj: eu-pos/VERB-eu-pos/NOUN (4456; 51% instances), eu-pos/VERB-eu-pos/PROPN (1915; 22% instances), eu-pos/NOUN-eu-pos/NOUN (334; 4% instances), eu-pos/VERB-eu-pos/DET (318; 4% instances), eu-pos/ADJ-eu-pos/NOUN (300; 3% instances), eu-pos/VERB-eu-pos/PRON (221; 3% instances), eu-pos/VERB-eu-pos/ADJ (205; 2% instances), eu-pos/NOUN-eu-pos/PROPN (158; 2% instances), eu-pos/VERB-eu-pos/NUM (100; 1% instances), eu-pos/NOUN-eu-pos/DET (85; 1% instances), eu-pos/VERB-eu-pos/VERB (85; 1% instances), eu-pos/ADJ-eu-pos/PROPN (42; 0% instances), eu-pos/CONJ-eu-pos/NOUN (39; 0% instances), eu-pos/ADJ-eu-pos/DET (37; 0% instances), eu-pos/CONJ-eu-pos/PROPN (33; 0% instances), eu-pos/ADV-eu-pos/NOUN (27; 0% instances), eu-pos/DET-eu-pos/NOUN (26; 0% instances), eu-pos/X-eu-pos/NOUN (24; 0% instances), eu-pos/NOUN-eu-pos/VERB (22; 0% instances), eu-pos/NUM-eu-pos/PROPN (19; 0% instances), eu-pos/NOUN-eu-pos/ADJ (18; 0% instances), eu-pos/NUM-eu-pos/NOUN (16; 0% instances), eu-pos/NOUN-eu-pos/NUM (14; 0% instances), eu-pos/CONJ-eu-pos/NUM (13; 0% instances), eu-pos/NOUN-eu-pos/PRON (13; 0% instances), eu-pos/PUNCT-eu-pos/NOUN (13; 0% instances), eu-pos/PUNCT-eu-pos/PROPN (12; 0% instances), eu-pos/AUX-eu-pos/NOUN (9; 0% instances), eu-pos/VERB-eu-pos/ADV (9; 0% instances), eu-pos/X-eu-pos/PROPN (9; 0% instances), eu-pos/ADJ-eu-pos/ADJ (8; 0% instances), eu-pos/ADV-eu-pos/DET (8; 0% instances), eu-pos/ADV-eu-pos/PROPN (8; 0% instances), eu-pos/PROPN-eu-pos/NOUN (8; 0% instances), eu-pos/PUNCT-eu-pos/DET (8; 0% instances), eu-pos/ADJ-eu-pos/PRON (6; 0% instances), eu-pos/CONJ-eu-pos/ADJ (6; 0% instances), eu-pos/NUM-eu-pos/ADJ (6; 0% instances), eu-pos/ADV-eu-pos/PRON (5; 0% instances), eu-pos/AUX-eu-pos/PROPN (5; 0% instances), eu-pos/CONJ-eu-pos/DET (5; 0% instances), eu-pos/NOUN-eu-pos/ADV (5; 0% instances), eu-pos/PUNCT-eu-pos/NUM (5; 0% instances), eu-pos/X-eu-pos/PRON (5; 0% instances), eu-pos/PROPN-eu-pos/VERB (4; 0% instances), eu-pos/ADJ-eu-pos/VERB (3; 0% instances), eu-pos/AUX-eu-pos/DET (3; 0% instances), eu-pos/DET-eu-pos/DET (3; 0% instances), eu-pos/DET-eu-pos/VERB (3; 0% instances), eu-pos/PROPN-eu-pos/PROPN (3; 0% instances), eu-pos/X-eu-pos/NUM (3; 0% instances), eu-pos/ADJ-eu-pos/NUM (2; 0% instances), eu-pos/ADV-eu-pos/ADJ (2; 0% instances), eu-pos/CONJ-eu-pos/PRON (2; 0% instances), eu-pos/NUM-eu-pos/DET (2; 0% instances), eu-pos/NUM-eu-pos/PRON (2; 0% instances), eu-pos/PRON-eu-pos/NOUN (2; 0% instances), eu-pos/PROPN-eu-pos/PRON (2; 0% instances), eu-pos/PUNCT-eu-pos/ADJ (2; 0% instances), eu-pos/PUNCT-eu-pos/VERB (2; 0% instances), eu-pos/ADJ-eu-pos/ADV (1; 0% instances), eu-pos/ADV-eu-pos/VERB (1; 0% instances), eu-pos/AUX-eu-pos/ADJ (1; 0% instances), eu-pos/AUX-eu-pos/PRON (1; 0% instances), eu-pos/CONJ-eu-pos/ADV (1; 0% instances), eu-pos/DET-eu-pos/PRON (1; 0% instances), eu-pos/DET-eu-pos/PROPN (1; 0% instances), eu-pos/PART-eu-pos/PRON (1; 0% instances), eu-pos/PRON-eu-pos/DET (1; 0% instances), eu-pos/PRON-eu-pos/PROPN (1; 0% instances), eu-pos/PROPN-eu-pos/DET (1; 0% instances), eu-pos/PUNCT-eu-pos/PRON (1; 0% instances), eu-pos/VERB-eu-pos/PUNCT (1; 0% instances), eu-pos/VERB-eu-pos/X (1; 0% instances), eu-pos/X-eu-pos/ADJ (1; 0% instances), eu-pos/X-eu-pos/DET (1; 0% instances), eu-pos/X-eu-pos/VERB (1; 0% instances).
# visual-style 6 bgColor:blue
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# visual-style 8 bgColor:blue
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# visual-style 8 6 nsubj color:blue
1 Atenasen Atenas PROPN _ Case=Ine|Definite=Def|Number=Sing 8 nmod _ _
2 ordea ordea CONJ _ _ 8 advmod _ _
3 , , PUNCT _ _ 8 punct _ _
4 beste beste DET _ _ 6 det _ _
5 bost bost NUM _ _ 6 nummod _ _
6 jarduera jarduera NOUN _ Case=Abs|Definite=Ind 8 nsubj _ _
7 gehiago gehiago DET _ Case=Abs|Definite=Ind 6 det _ _
8 izan izan VERB _ Aspect=Perf|VerbForm=Part 0 root _ _
9 daitezke *edin AUX _ Mood=Pot|Number[abs]=Plur|Person[abs]=3 8 aux _ _
10 . . PUNCT _ _ 8 punct _ _
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# visual-style 1 fgColor:white
# visual-style 5 bgColor:blue
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# visual-style 5 1 nsubj color:blue
1 Athleticek Athletic PROPN _ Case=Erg|Definite=Def|Number=Sing 5 nsubj _ _
2 presio presio NOUN _ _ 4 dobj _ _
3 itzela itzel ADJ _ Case=Abs|Definite=Def|Number=Sing 2 amod _ _
4 pairatu pairatu VERB _ VerbForm=Part 5 xcomp _ _
5 beharko behar_izan VERB _ _ 0 root _ _
6 du *edun AUX _ Mood=Ind|Number[abs]=Sing|Number[erg]=Sing|Person[abs]=3|Person[erg]=3 5 aux _ _
7 . . PUNCT _ _ 5 punct _ _
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# visual-style 1 fgColor:white
# visual-style 4 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 4 fgColor:white
# visual-style 4 1 nsubj color:blue
1 Arabiera arabiera NOUN _ Animacy=Inan|Case=Abs|Definite=Def|Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ _
2 da izan VERB _ Aspect=Prog|Mood=Ind|Number[abs]=Sing|Person[abs]=3 4 cop _ _
3 Jordaniako Jordania PROPN _ Case=Loc|Definite=Def|Number=Sing 4 nmod _ _
4 hizkuntza hizkuntza NOUN _ _ 0 root _ _
5 nagusia nagusi ADJ _ Case=Abs|Definite=Def|Number=Sing 4 amod _ _
6 . . PUNCT _ _ 4 punct _ _
nsubj in other languages: [bg] [cs] [de] [el] [en] [es] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fr] [ga] [he] [hu] [it] [ja] [ko] [sv] [u]