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Treebank Statistics: UD_Latin-Perseus: Features: Gender

This feature is universal. It occurs with 3 different values: Fem, Masc, Neut.

12960 tokens (44%) have a non-empty value of Gender. 6690 types (67%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Gender. 3545 lemmas (76%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Gender. The feature is used with 8 part-of-speech tags: NOUN (6255; 21% instances), ADJ (2131; 7% instances), DET (1707; 6% instances), VERB (1274; 4% instances), PRON (789; 3% instances), PROPN (736; 3% instances), NUM (65; 0% instances), AUX (3; 0% instances).

NOUN

6255 NOUN tokens (100% of all NOUN tokens) have a non-empty value of Gender.

The most frequent other feature values with which NOUN and Gender co-occurred: Number=Sing (4308; 69%).

NOUN tokens may have the following values of Gender:

• Fem (2582; 41% of non-empty Gender): res, rem, rei, vocem, manus, manu, terrae, terram, urbe, voce
• Masc (2149; 34% of non-empty Gender): amor, nemo, animus, hominum, senatus, amore, homines, loco, locum, more
• Neut (1524; 24% of non-empty Gender): caelo, bello, nomen, bellum, verba, caput, tempore, imperium, verbis, consilium

Paradigm pecus	Masc	Fem	Neut
Number=Sing			Pecus
Number=Plur	pecudes	pecudes	pecora

Gender seems to be lexical feature of NOUN. 98% lemmas (1696) occur only with one value of Gender.

ADJ

2131 ADJ tokens (100% of all ADJ tokens) have a non-empty value of Gender.

The most frequent other feature values with which ADJ and Gender co-occurred: Number=Sing (1433; 67%).

ADJ tokens may have the following values of Gender:

• Fem (750; 35% of non-empty Gender): magna, publicae, publicam, magnam, publica, prima, p, summa, parva, argentea
• Masc (857; 40% of non-empty Gender): magno, primus, unus, fortis, magnum, liber, novo, primo, Romani, Romanus
• Neut (524; 25% of non-empty Gender): magna, magnum, mala, dignum, amplius, commoda, grave, magno, mali, malum
• EMPTY (2): aliquot, thraecium

Paradigm magnus	Masc	Fem	Neut
Case=Abl|Degree=Cmp|Number=Sing	maiore	maiore	maiore
Case=Abl|Degree=Cmp|Number=Plur	maioribus
Case=Abl|Number=Sing	magno	magna, maxuma	magno, maxumo
Case=Abl|Number=Plur	maxumis	magnis	magnis, maxumis
Case=Acc|Degree=Cmp|Number=Sing	maiorem
Case=Acc|Degree=Cmp|Number=Plur		maiores	maiora
Case=Acc|Number=Sing	magnum	magnam, maxumam	magnum
Case=Acc|Number=Plur	magnos	magnas, maxumas	magna
Case=Dat|Degree=Abs|Number=Sing	Maximo
Case=Dat|Number=Plur		magnis
Case=Gen|Degree=Cmp|Number=Sing			maioris
Case=Gen|Degree=Cmp|Number=Plur	maiorum
Case=Gen|Number=Sing	magni	magnae	magni
Case=Gen|Number=Plur	magnorum
Case=Nom|Degree=Cmp|Number=Sing	maior	maior	maius
Case=Nom|Degree=Cmp|Number=Plur	maiores
Case=Nom|Degree=Abs|Number=Sing	maximus
Case=Nom|Number=Sing	magnus	magna, maxuma	magnum, maxumum
Case=Nom|Number=Plur		magnae	magna
Case=Voc|Number=Sing	magne, maxime

DET

1707 DET tokens (99% of all DET tokens) have a non-empty value of Gender.

The most frequent other feature values with which DET and Gender co-occurred: Number[psor]=EMPTY (1443; 85%), Person[psor]=EMPTY (1314; 77%), Poss=EMPTY (1314; 77%), Number=Sing (1069; 63%).

DET tokens may have the following values of Gender:

• Fem (515; 30% of non-empty Gender): illa, mea, hanc, haec, suam, hac, illam, meae, meam, sua
• Masc (719; 42% of non-empty Gender): ille, illi, ipse, illum, illos, illis, hic, hoc, omnes, omnium
• Neut (473; 28% of non-empty Gender): hoc, haec, omnia, multa, suum, illa, mea, sua, quicquam, suis
• EMPTY (15): tot, aliquot, quot, totidem, ambo, ceteris, eiusmodi, multaciam

Paradigm hic	Masc	Fem	Neut
Case=Abl|Number=Sing	hoc	hac	hoc
Case=Abl|Number=Plur	his	his	his
Case=Acc|Number=Sing	hunc	hanc	hoc
Case=Acc|Number=Plur	hos, hosce	has	haec
Case=Dat|Number=Sing	huic	huic	huic
Case=Dat|Number=Plur	His	his
Case=Gen|Number=Sing	huiusce, huius	huius	huius
Case=Gen|Number=Plur	horum
Case=Nom|Number=Sing	hic	haec	hoc
Case=Nom|Number=Plur	hi, hii		haec

VERB

1274 VERB tokens (22% of all VERB tokens) have a non-empty value of Gender.

The most frequent other feature values with which VERB and Gender co-occurred: Mood=EMPTY (1274; 100%), Person=EMPTY (1274; 100%), Tense=EMPTY (1274; 100%), VerbForm=Part (1273; 100%), Number=Sing (862; 68%), Voice=Pass (854; 67%), Aspect=Perf (813; 64%).

VERB tokens may have the following values of Gender:

• Fem (373; 29% of non-empty Gender): dicentem, ardens, data, diversa, mota, visa, advocata, cognita, composita, confirmata
• Masc (648; 51% of non-empty Gender): dicentes, conscripti, dicens, sedentem, amantis, natus, dicentem, existumans, interfecto, locutus
• Neut (253; 20% of non-empty Gender): facta, scriptum, falso, dicens, faciendum, facto, factum, incenso, interposito, iussa
• EMPTY (4513): habet, inquit, dixit, vidi, coepit, dedit, audivi, fecit, habere, dicere

Paradigm dico	Masc	Fem	Neut
Aspect=Imp|Case=Abl|Number=Sing|Voice=Act	dicente
Aspect=Imp|Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Voice=Act	dicentem	dicentem	dicens
Aspect=Imp|Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Voice=Act		dicentis	dicentis, dicundi
Aspect=Imp|Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Voice=Act		dicentium
Aspect=Imp|Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Voice=Act	dicens	dicens
Aspect=Imp|Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Voice=Act	dicentes		dicentia
Aspect=Perf|Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Voice=Pass	dictos
Aspect=Perf|Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Voice=Pass			Dictorum
Aspect=Perf|Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Voice=Pass	dictus		dictum
Aspect=Prosp|Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Voice=Act	dicturus

PRON

789 PRON tokens (53% of all PRON tokens) have a non-empty value of Gender.

The most frequent other feature values with which PRON and Gender co-occurred: Person=EMPTY (595; 75%), Number=Sing (540; 68%), PronType=Rel (451; 57%).

PRON tokens may have the following values of Gender:

• Fem (132; 17% of non-empty Gender): quae, quam, ea, quas, qua, eam, eius, eas, cuius, quarum
• Masc (404; 51% of non-empty Gender): qui, eius, quem, quis, eos, eorum, eum, quos, quibus, is
• Neut (253; 32% of non-empty Gender): quod, quid, quae, nihil, id, ea, quo, nil, quibus, quicquid
• EMPTY (691): mihi, me, ego, se, te, tibi, nos, sibi, tu, nobis

Paradigm qui	Masc	Fem	Neut
Case=Abl|Number=Sing	quo	qua	quo
Case=Abl|Number=Plur		quibus	quibus
Case=Acc|Number=Sing	quem	quam	quod, quid
Case=Acc|Number=Plur	quos	quas	quae
Case=Dat|Number=Sing	cui	cui
Case=Dat|Number=Plur	quibus		quibus
Case=Gen|Number=Sing	cuius, quoius	cuius	cuius, quoius
Case=Gen|Number=Plur	quorum	quarum
Case=Nom|Number=Sing	qui, quis	quae	quod
Case=Nom|Number=Plur	qui	quae	quae

PROPN

736 PROPN tokens (100% of all PROPN tokens) have a non-empty value of Gender.

The most frequent other feature values with which PROPN and Gender co-occurred: Number=Sing (656; 89%).

PROPN tokens may have the following values of Gender:

• Fem (181; 25% of non-empty Gender): Cynthia, Romae, Fortunata, Italia, Gallia, Hispanias, Sicilia, Africa, Baias, Fortunatae
• Masc (530; 72% of non-empty Gender): Catilina, Trimalchio, M, Caesar, L, C, Catilinae, Catilinam, Iove, Q
• Neut (25; 3% of non-empty Gender): Capitolio, Actium, Arimino, Capitolia, Ilium, Latio, Lavini, Lupercale, Lupercalibus, Maenala
• EMPTY (3): Cn, Ti, Trimalchio

Paradigm Habinnas	Masc	Fem
Case=Acc	Habinnam
Case=Gen	Habinnae
Case=Nom		Habinnas
Case=Voc	Habinna

Gender seems to be lexical feature of PROPN. 99% lemmas (348) occur only with one value of Gender.

NUM

65 NUM tokens (39% of all NUM tokens) have a non-empty value of Gender.

The most frequent other feature values with which NUM and Gender co-occurred: NumForm=Word (65; 100%), NumType=Card (65; 100%), Number=Plur (43; 66%).

NUM tokens may have the following values of Gender:

• Fem (16; 25% of non-empty Gender): una, duas, duabus, duae, duo, tribus, unius
• Masc (27; 42% of non-empty Gender): duo, duobus, uno, unum, duos, uni, unus, duorum, octingentos, trecentos
• Neut (22; 34% of non-empty Gender): duo, millia, milia, uno, unum, XII, duobus, milibus, millibus, tria
• EMPTY (102): quattuor, septem, viginti, centum, decem, mille, quinque, sex, tres, triginta

Paradigm duo	Masc	Fem	Neut
Case=Abl	duobus	duabus	duobus
Case=Acc	duos	duas	duo
Case=Dat		duabus
Case=Gen	duorum
Case=Nom	duo	duae, duo	duo

AUX

3 AUX tokens (1% of all AUX tokens) have a non-empty value of Gender.

The most frequent other feature values with which AUX and Gender co-occurred: Aspect=Prosp (3; 100%), Mood=EMPTY (3; 100%), Person=EMPTY (3; 100%), Tense=EMPTY (3; 100%), VerbForm=Part (3; 100%), Number=Sing (2; 67%).

AUX tokens may have the following values of Gender:

• Fem (2; 67% of non-empty Gender): futura, futuram
• Neut (1; 33% of non-empty Gender): futura
• EMPTY (366): est, esse, erat, fuit, sunt, sit, esset, erit, es, fuerunt

Paradigm sum	Fem	Neut
Case=Acc|Number=Sing	futuram
Case=Nom|Number=Sing	futura
Case=Nom|Number=Plur		futura

Relations with Agreement in Gender

The 10 most frequent relations where parent and child node agree in Gender: NOUN –[amod]–> ADJ (1214; 99%), NOUN –[det]–> DET (865; 99%), NOUN –[nmod]–> VERB (196; 92%), VERB –[nsubj:pass]–> NOUN (173; 58%), NOUN –[amod]–> VERB (150; 94%), ADJ –[conj]–> ADJ (68; 94%), PROPN –[amod]–> ADJ (64; 98%), PROPN –[flat:name]–> PROPN (64; 88%), ADJ –[nsubj]–> NOUN (57; 100%), VERB –[conj]–> VERB (51; 66%).

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