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Treebank Statistics: UD_Chintang-CTNTB: Features: Voice

This feature is universal but the values CauRcp, CauRefl, Refl are language-specific. It occurs with 6 different values: Act, Cau, CauRcp, CauRefl, Rcp, Refl.

3240 tokens (22%) have a non-empty value of Voice. 2287 types (52%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Voice. 544 lemmas (32%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Voice. The feature is used with 2 part-of-speech tags: VERB (3223; 22% instances), AUX (17; 0% instances).

VERB

3223 VERB tokens (97% of all VERB tokens) have a non-empty value of Voice.

The most frequent other feature values with which VERB and Voice co-occurred: Case=EMPTY (2764; 86%), VerbForm=Fin (2567; 80%), Number[p]=EMPTY (2202; 68%), Person[p]=EMPTY (2188; 68%), Aspect=Imp (2059; 64%), Number=Sing (1862; 58%), Mood=Ind (1783; 55%), Person=3 (1650; 51%).

VERB tokens may have the following values of Voice:

• Act (3132; 97% of non-empty Voice): yuŋno, konno, khaiʔma, numma, lino, cama, khade, konnoʔ, lise, khada
• Cau (41; 1% of non-empty Voice): lapmettoko, wahumeiʔma, wahumeiʔmalaŋtoŋ, Maĩkhaŋmettaʔ, aneamettukuce, ataĩmettukucum, chommeʔma, cokkhaune, hakmettuce, hapmettaʔ
• CauRcp (1; 0% of non-empty Voice): Hapmeiʔkameiʔ
• CauRefl (7; 0% of non-empty Voice): khaŋmetnace, Immetnaŋnace, Lapmeʔnacce, Luʔmeʔnace, khumeʔnaʔãce, mɨkseĩkhaŋmeiʔkameiʔ
• Rcp (17; 1% of non-empty Voice): khasɨŋkasɨŋ, tɨŋkatɨŋ, Copkacop, Pamkapam, Pokkathaka, apkaap, caiʔkacaiʔ, khaŋkakhaŋ, lapkalap, lekale
• Refl (25; 1% of non-empty Voice): sɨknalɨknancĩyehẽ, tomcĩsaŋa, Bopnaadhennaʔãce, Kaʔnace, Kɨnadhennaace, Tommancĩ, ahinaʔacenɨŋ, apamnaceʔ, ateknaʔãce, atɨŋnaʔãce
• EMPTY (103): khice, bane, roke, bite, janme, joge, khole, pas, pode, podhe

Paradigm khag	Act	Rcp	Cau	CauRefl
Aspect=ComplPerf|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Number[p]=Sing|Person=1|Person[p]=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	khawanduŋsuhẽ
Aspect=Imp|Case=Abs|Number[p]=Plur|Person[p]=3|VerbForm=Inf	khaŋmace		khaŋnummace
Aspect=Imp|Case=Abs|VerbForm=Inf	khaŋma
Aspect=Imp|Clusivity=In|Mood=Sub|Number=Plur|Number[p]=Sing|Person=1|Person[p]=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	khaum
Aspect=Imp|ConvType=Coord|VerbForm=Conv	khaŋsaŋa
Aspect=Imp|ConvType=Purp|Number=Sing|Person=2|VerbForm=Conv	Ikhaŋsi
Aspect=Imp|ConvType=Purp|VerbForm=Conv	khaŋsi
Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Number[p]=Plur|Person=3|Person[p]=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	khaukuce
Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Number[p]=Sing|Person=2|Person[p]=3|Polarity=Neg|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	akhaukonɨŋ
Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Number[p]=Sing|Person=3|Person[p]=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	khauko
Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin			khaŋnumsakte
Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number[p]=Plur|Person=3|Person[p]=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	khaukuce
Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number[p]=Sing|Person=3|Person[p]=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	nakhae
Aspect=Imp|Mood=Sub|Number=Sing|Number[p]=Sing|Person=1|Person[p]=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	khauŋ, khaŋ
Aspect=Imp|Mood=Sub|Number=Sing|Number[p]=Sing|Person=3|Person[p]=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	khao
Aspect=Imp|VerbForm=Inf		khaŋkakhaŋ
Aspect=Perfv|Clusivity=Ex|Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Number[p]=Plur|Person=1|Person[p]=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	khaŋcummehẽ
Aspect=Perfv|Clusivity=Ex|Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Number[p]=Sing|Person=1|Person[p]=3|Polarity=Neg|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	makhaŋyoktummahẽ
Aspect=Perfv|Clusivity=In|Mood=Sub|Number=Dual|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	khaace
Aspect=Perfv|Clusivity[p]=Ex|Mood=Ind|Number[p]=Plur|Person=3|Person[p]=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin			khaŋmameʔte
Aspect=Perfv|Mood=Imp|Number=Sing|Person=2|Polarity=Neg|VerbForm=Fin			Maĩkhaŋmettaʔ, khaŋmaimetthaʔ
Aspect=Perfv|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Number[p]=Plur|Person=1|Person[p]=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	khaŋcuhẽ
Aspect=Perfv|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Number[p]=Sing|Person=1|Person[p]=3|Polarity=Neg|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	makhaŋyoktuhẽ
Aspect=Perfv|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Number[p]=Sing|Person=1|Person[p]=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	khauhẽ
Aspect=Perfv|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	khae		khaŋmetnace	khaŋmetnace
Aspect=Perfv|Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Number[p]=Plur|Person=3|Person[p]=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	ukhauce
Aspect=Perfv|Mood=Ind|Number[p]=Dual|Person=3|Person[p]=2|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin			khaŋnamettace
Aspect=Perfv|Mood=Ind|Number[p]=Sing|Person=3|Person[p]=2|Polarity=Neg|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin			khaŋnamaimeiʔyakte
Aspect=Perfv|Mood=Sub|Number=Sing|Number[p]=Sing|Person=1|Person[p]=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	khauŋ, khaŋ
Aspect=Perf|Clusivity=Ex|Mood=Sub|Number=Plur|Number[p]=Plur|Person=1|Person[p]=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	khamsumcumme
Aspect=Perf|Clusivity[p]=In|Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Number[p]=Plur|Person=3|Person[p]=1|Polarity=Neg|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	Khaumaikhaŋyaktaŋseʔ
Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Number[p]=Sing|Person=1|Person[p]=3|Polarity=Neg|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	maikhaŋyoktuŋsuhẽ
Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Number[p]=Sing|Person=3|Person[p]=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	khaoŋse
Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Number[p]=Sing|Person=2|Person[p]=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	akhamsɨmme
Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=2|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	akhawisihẽ

Voice seems to be lexical feature of VERB. 92% lemmas (501) occur only with one value of Voice.

AUX

17 AUX tokens (19% of all AUX tokens) have a non-empty value of Voice.

The most frequent other feature values with which AUX and Voice co-occurred: Evident=EMPTY (17; 100%), Aspect=Imp (13; 76%), VerbForm=Fin (13; 76%), Mood=Ind (11; 65%).

AUX tokens may have the following values of Voice:

• Act (16; 94% of non-empty Voice): luma, alusace, luce, lusiki, lusikiyã, uluce, uluceke, ulucekenɨŋ, uluno, ulusaŋsace
• Cau (1; 6% of non-empty Voice): lumettuce
• EMPTY (73): pho, lusiki, phe

Paradigm lus	Act	Cau
Aspect=Imp|Case=Abs|VerbForm=Inf	luma
Aspect=Imp|Clusivity=Ex|Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	lusikiyã
Aspect=Imp|Clusivity=In|Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	lusiki
Aspect=Imp|Clusivity=In|Mood=Sub|Number=Dual|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	luce
Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Dual|Person=2|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	alusace
Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Dual|Person=3|Polarity=Neg|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	ulucekenɨŋ
Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Dual|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	uluceke
Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	uluno
Aspect=Imp|Mood=Sub|Number=Dual|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	uluce
Aspect=Perfv|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Number[p]=Plur|Person=3|Person[p]=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin		lumettuce
Aspect=Perfv|Mood=Ind|Number=Dual|Person=2|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	alusace
Aspect=Perfv|Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	uluse
Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Number=Dual|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	ulusaŋsace

Relations with Agreement in Voice

The 10 most frequent relations where parent and child node agree in Voice: VERB –[xcomp]–> VERB (223; 70%), VERB –[advcl]–> VERB (180; 98%), VERB –[conj]–> VERB (128; 96%), VERB –[parataxis]–> VERB (100; 95%), VERB –[ccomp]–> VERB (57; 100%), VERB –[csubj]–> VERB (57; 98%), VERB –[advcl:coord]–> VERB (56; 97%), VERB –[advcl:purp]–> VERB (47; 100%), VERB –[advcl:sim]–> VERB (27; 100%), VERB –[advcl:cntf]–> VERB (10; 100%).

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