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Gender: gender

This document is a placeholder for the language-specific documentation for Gender.

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Treebank Statistics (UD_Latin)

This feature is universal. It occurs with 3 different values: Fem, Masc, Neut.

23404 tokens (49%) have a non-empty value of Gender. 9400 types (68%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Gender. 5672 lemmas (76%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Gender. The feature is used with 7 part-of-speech tags: la-pos/NOUN (12139; 26% instances), la-pos/ADJ (4793; 10% instances), la-pos/PRON (4028; 9% instances), la-pos/VERB (2386; 5% instances), la-pos/NUM (51; 0% instances), la-pos/X (4; 0% instances), la-pos/ADV (3; 0% instances).

NOUN

12139 la-pos/NOUN tokens (100% of all NOUN tokens) have a non-empty value of Gender.

The most frequent other feature values with which NOUN and Gender co-occurred: Number=Sing (8644; 71%).

NOUN tokens may have the following values of Gender:

• Fem (4781; 39% of non-empty Gender): res, rem, terram, manu, rei, vocem, causa, re, terrae, pars
• Masc (4635; 38% of non-empty Gender): Trimalchio, Catilina, dei, nemo, homines, deus, hominum, amor, amore, animus
• Neut (2723; 22% of non-empty Gender): caelo, bellum, nihil, nomen, omnia, ore, verba, tempus, caput, mare
• EMPTY (19): caracterem, sulphure, Amen, Latio, Sardis, aliquotetiam, cancer, cancro, divite, fas

Paradigm homo1	Masc	Fem
Case=Abl|Number=Sing	homine
Case=Abl|Number=Plur	hominibus
Case=Acc|Number=Sing	hominem	hominem
Case=Acc|Number=Plur	homines
Case=Dat|Number=Sing	homini
Case=Dat|Number=Plur	hominibus
Case=Gen|Number=Sing	hominis	hominis
Case=Gen|Number=Plur	hominum	hominum
Case=Nom|Number=Sing	homo
Case=Nom|Number=Plur	homines

Gender seems to be lexical feature of NOUN. 98% lemmas (3192) occur only with one value of Gender.

ADJ

4793 la-pos/ADJ tokens (100% of all ADJ tokens) have a non-empty value of Gender.

The most frequent other feature values with which ADJ and Gender co-occurred: Number=Sing (3078; 64%).

ADJ tokens may have the following values of Gender:

• Fem (1669; 35% of non-empty Gender): magna, publicae, mea, publicam, sua, suam, publica, magnam, omnes, una
• Masc (1930; 40% of non-empty Gender): omnes, omnis, suos, alius, nostri, omnium, alios, alii, unus, meo
• Neut (1194; 25% of non-empty Gender): omnia, multa, sua, suo, suis, tua, suum, talia, alia, mea
• EMPTY (17): plus, Minoris, acrioribus, aliquot, dispar, dispare, fugacibus, fugacis, nequam, nequissimus

Paradigm magnus1	Masc	Fem	Neut
Case=Abl|Degree=Cmp|Number=Sing	Maiore	maiore	maiore
Case=Abl|Degree=Cmp|Number=Plur	maioribus		maioribus
Case=Abl|Number=Sing	magno, maxumo	magna, maxuma	magno, maxumo
Case=Abl|Number=Plur	maxumis	magnis	magnis, maxumis
Case=Acc|Degree=Cmp|Number=Sing	maiorem
Case=Acc|Degree=Cmp|Number=Plur		maiores	maiora
Case=Acc|Number=Sing	magnum	magnam, maxumam	magnum, maxumum
Case=Acc|Number=Plur	magnos	magnas, maxumas	magna
Case=Dat|Degree=Sup|Number=Sing	Maximo
Case=Dat|Number=Sing	magno	magnae
Case=Dat|Number=Plur		magnis
Case=Gen|Degree=Cmp|Number=Plur	maiorum
Case=Gen|Number=Sing	magni	magnae	magni
Case=Gen|Number=Plur	magnorum
Case=Nom|Degree=Cmp|Number=Sing	maior	maior	maius
Case=Nom|Degree=Cmp|Number=Plur	Maiores		maiora
Case=Nom|Number=Sing	magnus, maximus	magna, maxuma	maxumum, magnum
Case=Nom|Number=Plur		magnae	magna
Case=Voc|Number=Sing	maxime, magne

PRON

4028 la-pos/PRON tokens (100% of all PRON tokens) have a non-empty value of Gender.

The most frequent other feature values with which PRON and Gender co-occurred: Number=Sing (2872; 71%).

PRON tokens may have the following values of Gender:

• Fem (772; 19% of non-empty Gender): quae, illa, quam, ea, hanc, qua, te, haec, illam, tibi
• Masc (2506; 62% of non-empty Gender): qui, me, mihi, ego, se, te, eius, tibi, ille, illi
• Neut (750; 19% of non-empty Gender): quod, quid, quae, hoc, haec, id, ea, quo, illa, his
• EMPTY (8): aliquot, huiusmodi, qua

Paradigm qui1	Masc	Fem	Neut
Case=Abl|Number=Sing	quo	qua	quo
Case=Abl|Number=Plur	quibus, quis	quibus, quis	quibus
Case=Acc|Number=Sing	quem	quam	quod
Case=Acc|Number=Plur	quos	quas	quae
Case=Dat|Number=Sing	cui, quoi	cui	quoi, cui
Case=Dat|Number=Plur	quibus
Case=Gen|Number=Sing	cuius, quoius	cuius	cuius
Case=Gen|Number=Plur	quorum	quarum	quorum
Case=Nom|Number=Sing	qui	quae, qua	quod
Case=Nom|Number=Plur	qui	quae	quae

VERB

2386 la-pos/VERB tokens (23% of all VERB tokens) have a non-empty value of Gender.

The most frequent other feature values with which VERB and Gender co-occurred: Person=EMPTY (2386; 100%), Mood=EMPTY (2386; 100%), VerbForm=Part (2231; 94%), Number=Sing (1669; 70%), Voice=Pass (1644; 69%), Tense=Past (1613; 68%), Aspect=Perf (1613; 68%).

VERB tokens may have the following values of Gender:

• Fem (654; 27% of non-empty Gender): facta, data, dicentem, datae, allata, mota, privata, tuta, visa, cognita
• Masc (1243; 52% of non-empty Gender): factus, natus, conscripti, dicens, dicentes, habentem, sedentem, usus, contentus, inventus
• Neut (489; 20% of non-empty Gender): factum, datum, facta, dictum, scriptum, scripta, visum, apertum, cognito, compertum
• EMPTY (8155): est, sunt, esse, erat, inquit, fuit, sit, habet, vidi, sum

Paradigm habeo1	Masc	Fem	Neut
Aspect=Perf|Case=Abl|Number=Sing|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass		habita
Aspect=Perf|Case=Abl|Number=Plur|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass			habitis
Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act	habiturum
Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act	habentem	habentem
Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Gdv|Voice=Pass	habendos
Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act	habentes	habentes
Case=Dat|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act		habenti
Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Gdv|Voice=Pass	habendi
Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act	habentis
Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act	habentium
Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Gdv|Voice=Pass	habendus
Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act	habens	habens
Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act	habentes

NUM

51 la-pos/NUM tokens (21% of all NUM tokens) have a non-empty value of Gender.

The most frequent other feature values with which NUM and Gender co-occurred: Number=Sing (31; 61%).

NUM tokens may have the following values of Gender:

• Fem (13; 25% of non-empty Gender): singulas, duabus, una, Ambae, Secundam, decimam, prima, quartam, tertia
• Masc (32; 63% of non-empty Gender): primus, unus, decimum, duodecimum, secundum, singulos, tertium, tribus, ambobus, ambos
• Neut (6; 12% of non-empty Gender): duobus, secundo, singula, tertio, uno
• EMPTY (195): septem, quattuor, decem, centum, duodecim, mille, tres, milibus, quadraginta, quinque

Paradigm unus	Masc	Fem	Neut
Case=Abl|Number=Sing		una	uno
Case=Acc|Number=Sing	unum
Case=Dat|Number=Sing	uni
Case=Nom		una
Case=Nom|Number=Sing	unus

X

4 la-pos/X tokens (4% of all X tokens) have a non-empty value of Gender.

X tokens may have the following values of Gender:

• Masc (3; 75% of non-empty Gender): Aefulanum, qui, sestertiarios
• Neut (1; 25% of non-empty Gender): quae
• EMPTY (108): c, L, M, Q, P, Cn, D, quinque, ,, -

Paradigm qui1	Masc	Neut
Case=Acc		quae
Case=Nom	qui

ADV

3 la-pos/ADV tokens (0% of all ADV tokens) have a non-empty value of Gender.

ADV tokens may have the following values of Gender:

• Fem (1; 33% of non-empty Gender): fors
• Masc (1; 33% of non-empty Gender): Repente
• Neut (1; 33% of non-empty Gender): Multum
• EMPTY (3695): non, ne, iam, tamen, quam, etiam, sic, nunc, ita, modo

Relations with Agreement in Gender

The 10 most frequent relations where parent and child node agree in Gender: NOUN –[amod]–> ADJ (3075; 98%), NOUN –[amod]–> PRON (708; 78%), NOUN –[amod]–> VERB (574; 87%), VERB –[nsubjpass]–> NOUN (480; 66%), NOUN –[conj]–> NOUN (459; 52%), ADJ –[conj]–> ADJ (124; 98%), ADJ –[nsubj]–> NOUN (117; 92%), PRON –[amod]–> ADJ (98; 97%), PRON –[amod]–> VERB (62; 89%), ADJ –[nsubj]–> PRON (56; 93%).

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Treebank Statistics (UD_Latin-ITTB)

This feature is universal. It occurs with 3 different values: Fem, Masc, Neut.

122248 tokens (42%) have a non-empty value of Gender. 8512 types (64%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Gender. 2928 lemmas (81%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Gender. The feature is used with 9 part-of-speech tags: la-pos/NOUN (57078; 20% instances), la-pos/PRON (28605; 10% instances), la-pos/ADJ (18690; 6% instances), la-pos/VERB (9740; 3% instances), la-pos/PROPN (3657; 1% instances), la-pos/DET (3128; 1% instances), la-pos/NUM (1337; 0% instances), la-pos/X (12; 0% instances), la-pos/ADP (1; 0% instances).

NOUN

57078 la-pos/NOUN tokens (99% of all NOUN tokens) have a non-empty value of Gender.

The most frequent other feature values with which NOUN and Gender co-occurred: Degree=Pos (55316; 97%), Number=Sing (48169; 84%).

NOUN tokens may have the following values of Gender:

• Fem (33614; 59% of non-empty Gender): forma, formam, formae, materia, potentia, anima, causa, substantia, res, rerum
• Masc (12068; 21% of non-empty Gender): intellectus, actu, modo, actus, finem, finis, motus, intellectum, modum, homo
• Neut (11396; 20% of non-empty Gender): esse, bonum, corpus, principium, corporis, malum, agens, accidens, corpore, ens
• EMPTY (287): perfecte, numero, forte, perfectius, diversimode, partim, perfectissime, parum, ly, fas

Paradigm perfectus	Masc	Fem	Neut
Case=Abl|Degree=Pos|Number=Sing	perfecto	perfecta	perfecto
Case=Abl|Degree=Pos|Number=Plur	perfectis	perfectis	perfectis
Case=Abl|Degree=Cmp|Number=Sing	perfectiori
Case=Abl|Degree=Sup|Number=Sing	perfectissimo
Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Number=Sing	perfectum	perfectam, perfectissimam	perfectum
Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Number=Plur	perfectos		perfecta
Case=Acc|Degree=Cmp|Number=Sing		perfectiorem	perfectius
Case=Acc|Degree=Sup|Number=Sing	perfectissimum	perfectissimam	perfectissimum
Case=Acc|Degree=Sup|Number=Plur			perfectissima
Case=Dat|Degree=Pos|Number=Sing		perfectae
Case=Gen|Degree=Pos|Number=Sing	perfecti	perfectae, perfectioris, perfectissimae	perfecti
Case=Gen|Degree=Pos|Number=Plur	perfectorum		perfectorum
Case=Gen|Degree=Cmp|Number=Sing		perfectioris
Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Number=Sing	perfectus	perfecta, perfectior	perfectum
Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Number=Plur	perfecti	perfectae, perfectiores	perfecta, perfectiora
Case=Nom|Degree=Cmp|Number=Sing	perfectior	perfectior	perfectius
Case=Nom|Degree=Cmp|Number=Plur			perfectiora
Case=Nom|Degree=Sup|Number=Sing	perfectissimus	perfectissima	perfectissimum

Gender seems to be lexical feature of NOUN. 97% lemmas (1350) occur only with one value of Gender.

PRON

28605 la-pos/PRON tokens (99% of all PRON tokens) have a non-empty value of Gender.

The most frequent other feature values with which PRON and Gender co-occurred: Degree=Pos (28249; 99%), Number=Sing (21829; 76%).

PRON tokens may have the following values of Gender:

• Fem (8188; 29% of non-empty Gender): quae, se, quam, aliqua, qua, ipsa, aliquam, quaedam, haec, illa
• Masc (5517; 19% of non-empty Gender): qui, eius, se, ipse, nobis, quo, aliquis, ipso, eo, ipsum
• Neut (14900; 52% of non-empty Gender): quod, hoc, quae, aliquid, se, nihil, quo, omnia, illud, ea
• EMPTY (235): hinc, aliter, alias, qualiter, quantumcumque, nihil, quot, tot, qualitercumque, illuc

Paradigm qui	Masc	Fem	Neut
Case=Abl|Number=Sing	quo	qua	quo
Case=Abl|Number=Plur	quibus	quibus	quibus
Case=Acc|Number=Sing	quem	quam, quae	quod, quid
Case=Acc|Number=Plur	quos	quas, quae	quae
Case=Dat|Number=Sing	cui	cui	cui
Case=Dat|Number=Plur	quibus	quibus	quibus
Case=Gen|Number=Sing	cuius, cujus	cuius, cujus	cuius, cujus, quod
Case=Gen|Number=Plur	quorum	quarum, quorum	quorum
Case=Nom|Number=Sing	qui, quis, quod	quae, qua	quod, quid, qui
Case=Nom|Number=Plur	qui	quae	quae, qua
		quae	quae

ADJ

18690 la-pos/ADJ tokens (83% of all ADJ tokens) have a non-empty value of Gender.

The most frequent other feature values with which ADJ and Gender co-occurred: Degree=Pos (16802; 90%), Number=Sing (13821; 74%).

ADJ tokens may have the following values of Gender:

• Fem (7755; 41% of non-empty Gender): divina, divinae, prima, divinam, intellectualis, substantialis, humana, propria, intelligibiles, intellectuales
• Masc (3298; 18% of non-empty Gender): possibilis, primo, ultimus, universi, divinus, possibili, ultimum, possibilem, christi, naturalis
• Neut (7637; 41% of non-empty Gender): impossibile, primum, infinitum, possibile, intelligibilia, proprium, secundum, manifestum, multa, necessarium
• EMPTY (3794): vero, solum, amplius, similiter, necesse, primo, naturaliter, simpliciter, prius, maxime

Paradigm divinus	Masc	Fem	Neut
Case=Abl|Degree=Pos|Number=Sing	divino	divina	divino, divinis
Case=Abl|Degree=Pos|Number=Plur	divinis	divinis	divinis
Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Number=Sing	divinum	divinam	divinum
Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Number=Plur		divinas	divina
Case=Dat|Degree=Pos|Number=Sing	divino	divinae	divino
Case=Dat|Degree=Pos|Number=Plur		divinis
Case=Gen|Degree=Pos|Number=Sing	divini, divinus	divinae	divini
Case=Gen|Degree=Pos|Number=Plur	divinorum	divinarum	divinorum
Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Number=Sing	divinus	divina	divinum
Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Number=Plur	divini	divinae	divina
Case=Nom|Degree=Cmp|Number=Sing			divinius

VERB

9740 la-pos/VERB tokens (19% of all VERB tokens) have a non-empty value of Gender.

The most frequent other feature values with which VERB and Gender co-occurred: Person=EMPTY (9740; 100%), Mood=EMPTY (9740; 100%), Degree=Pos (9693; 100%), VerbForm=Part (8925; 92%), Number=Sing (7124; 73%), Voice=Pass (6685; 69%), Aspect=Perf (5687; 58%), Tense=Past (5687; 58%), Case=Nom (5390; 55%).

VERB tokens may have the following values of Gender:

• Fem (3264; 34% of non-empty Gender): separatae, separata, separatas, creata, praedicta, praedictae, separatis, creatis, existens, creatae
• Masc (1895; 19% of non-empty Gender): agens, intelligens, creatus, agentem, agentis, compositus, agente, habens, dicens, natus
• Neut (4581; 47% of non-empty Gender): ostensum, dicendum, movens, dictum, probatum, dictis, praemissis, consequens, motum, intellecta
• EMPTY (42775): est, esse, sit, sunt, potest, oportet, habet, dicitur, patet, dicit

Paradigm sum	Masc	Fem	Neut
Case=Abl|Degree=Pos|Number=Sing|Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act	futuro
Case=Abl|Degree=Pos|Number=Plur|Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act			futuris
Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Number=Sing|Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act		futuram
Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act			ens
Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Number=Plur|Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act	futuros
Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act			entia
Case=Acc|Number=Sing			esse
Case=Gen|Degree=Pos|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act			entium
Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act		ens	ens
Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act			entia
Case=Nom|Number=Sing			esse

PROPN

3657 la-pos/PROPN tokens (99% of all PROPN tokens) have a non-empty value of Gender.

The most frequent other feature values with which PROPN and Gender co-occurred: Degree=Pos (3656; 100%), Number=Sing (3482; 95%).

PROPN tokens may have the following values of Gender:

• Fem (144; 4% of non-empty Gender): scriptura, scripturae, ecclesiae, ecclesia, trinitatis, eucharistia, exodi, scripturis, trinitate, ecclesiam
• Masc (3500; 96% of non-empty Gender): deus, deo, dei, deum, aristoteles, aristotelis, angeli, dionysius, psalmo, baptismi
• Neut (13; 0% of non-empty Gender): soliloquiorum, baptisma, centilogio, baptismata, enchiridion, ethicorum, evangelii, evangelio, purgatorio
• EMPTY (43): iob, seraphim, amos, avempace, cherubim, esau, ierusalem, avicebron, graece, iacob

Paradigm baptisma	Masc	Neut
Case=Abl|Number=Sing	baptismo
Case=Acc|Number=Sing	baptismum	baptisma
Case=Gen|Number=Sing	baptismi
Case=Nom|Number=Sing	baptismus	baptisma
Case=Nom|Number=Plur	baptismi	baptismata

Gender seems to be lexical feature of PROPN. 97% lemmas (110) occur only with one value of Gender.

DET

3128 la-pos/DET tokens (100% of all DET tokens) have a non-empty value of Gender.

The most frequent other feature values with which DET and Gender co-occurred: Degree=Pos (3127; 100%), Number=Sing (2254; 72%), Poss=Yes (1819; 58%), PronType=Prs (1819; 58%).

DET tokens may have the following values of Gender:

• Fem (1815; 58% of non-empty Gender): suam, sua, omnis, omnes, suae, omnibus, omnem, omnium, omni, nostra
• Masc (500; 16% of non-empty Gender): noster, suum, omnes, omnis, suo, nostro, suos, omnibus, omnium, sui
• Neut (813; 26% of non-empty Gender): suum, omne, omnia, omnium, omnibus, suo, sui, omni, omnis, sua
• EMPTY (10): omnis, omnem, omni, omnibus, omnium

Paradigm suus	Masc	Fem	Neut
Case=Abl|Number=Sing	suo	sua	suo
Case=Abl|Number=Plur	suis	suis	suis
Case=Acc|Number=Sing	suum	suam	suum
Case=Acc|Number=Plur	suos	suas	sua
Case=Dat|Number=Sing	suo	suae	suo
Case=Dat|Number=Plur	suis	suis	suis
Case=Gen|Number=Sing	sui	suae, sui	sui
Case=Gen|Number=Plur	suorum	suarum	suorum
Case=Nom|Number=Sing	suus	sua	suum
Case=Nom|Number=Plur			sua

NUM

1337 la-pos/NUM tokens (64% of all NUM tokens) have a non-empty value of Gender.

The most frequent other feature values with which NUM and Gender co-occurred: NumForm=EMPTY (1337; 100%), NumType=Card (1337; 100%), Degree=Pos (1321; 99%), Number=Sing (1086; 81%).

NUM tokens may have the following values of Gender:

• Fem (471; 35% of non-empty Gender): una, unam, unius, duae, tres, duabus, trium, duas, tribus, uni
• Masc (258; 19% of non-empty Gender): unus, uno, unum, unius, duo, duobus, tres, duos, uni, duorum
• Neut (608; 45% of non-empty Gender): unum, duo, uno, unius, duobus, tria, duorum, quatuor, uni, tribus
• EMPTY (762): iii, i, ii, 1, 2, vii, iv, viii, 3, vi

Paradigm unus	Masc	Fem	Neut
Case=Abl|Number=Sing	uno	una	uno
Case=Acc|Number=Sing	unum	unam	unum
Case=Acc|Number=Plur		tres
Case=Dat|Number=Sing	uni	uni	uni
Case=Gen|Number=Sing	unius	unius	unius
Case=Nom|Number=Sing	unus	una	unum, primum
Case=Nom|Number=Plur	duo	duae

X

12 la-pos/X tokens (2% of all X tokens) have a non-empty value of Gender.

The most frequent other feature values with which X and Gender co-occurred: Abbr=Yes (9; 75%).

X tokens may have the following values of Gender:

• Fem (8; 67% of non-empty Gender): quod, decupla
• Masc (1; 8% of non-empty Gender): quam
• Neut (3; 25% of non-empty Gender): decuplum, ephes.
• EMPTY (594): metaph., cap., physic., gen., sap., metaphys., trin., dist., div., nom.

ADP

1 la-pos/ADP tokens (0% of all ADP tokens) have a non-empty value of Gender.

The most frequent other feature values with which ADP and Gender co-occurred: AdpType=EMPTY (1; 100%).

ADP tokens may have the following values of Gender:

• Neut (1; 100% of non-empty Gender): obiectum
• EMPTY (26413): in, ad, per, ex, secundum, de, a, ab, propter, supra

Relations with Agreement in Gender

The 10 most frequent relations where parent and child node agree in Gender: NOUN –[amod]–> ADJ (9686; 95%), NOUN –[nmod]–> PRON (6771; 80%), NOUN –[acl]–> VERB (3193; 51%), NOUN –[det]–> DET (2881; 99%), NOUN –[conj]–> NOUN (1809; 58%), ADJ –[nsubj]–> NOUN (924; 94%), ADJ –[nsubj]–> PRON (690; 96%), ADJ –[conj]–> ADJ (683; 92%), NOUN –[nummod]–> NUM (613; 92%), ADJ –[nmod]–> PRON (484; 73%).

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Treebank Statistics (UD_Latin-PROIEL)

This feature is universal. It occurs with 3 different values: Fem, Masc, Neut. Some words have combined values of the feature; 3 combinations have been observed: Fem|Masc, Fem|Neut, Masc|Neut.

79527 tokens (48%) have a non-empty value of Gender. 13302 types (57%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Gender. 5402 lemmas (77%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Gender. The feature is used with 7 part-of-speech tags: la-pos/NOUN (32000; 19% instances), la-pos/PRON (20923; 13% instances), la-pos/ADJ (12640; 8% instances), la-pos/VERB (7315; 4% instances), la-pos/PROPN (5722; 3% instances), la-pos/NUM (801; 0% instances), la-pos/DET (126; 0% instances).

NOUN

32000 la-pos/NOUN tokens (100% of all NOUN tokens) have a non-empty value of Gender.

The most frequent other feature values with which NOUN and Gender co-occurred: Number=Sing (21818; 68%).

NOUN tokens may have the following values of Gender:

• Fem (11888; 37% of non-empty Gender): die, hora, re, domum, rebus, causa, res, terram, ecclesia, rem
• Fem,Masc (172; 1% of non-empty Gender): diebus, die, dies, diei, diem, dierum, accola, agricultura, incursionis, publicam
• Masc (13578; 42% of non-empty Gender): dei, loco, deus, filius, locum, pater, domine, homo, dominus, domini
• Masc,Neut (7; 0% of non-empty Gender): Amorreorum, aequum, desiderio, die, praeclarum, tumulum, uico
• Neut (6355; 20% of non-empty Gender): nomine, regnum, verbum, tempore, caelo, castra, iter, nomen, tempus, testimonium
• EMPTY (80): pascha, rabbi, fas, manna, rabboni, Alpha, Naim, Omega, alienis, caracter

Paradigm dies	Fem,Masc	Masc	Masc,Neut	Fem
Case=Abl|Number=Sing	die	die	die	die
Case=Abl|Number=Plur	diebus	diebus		diebus
Case=Acc|Number=Sing	diem	diem, dies		diem
Case=Acc|Number=Plur	dies	dies		dies
Case=Dat|Number=Sing	diei	diei		diei
Case=Gen|Number=Sing	diei	diei		diei
Case=Gen|Number=Plur	dierum	dierum		dierum
Case=Nom|Number=Sing	dies	dies		dies
Case=Nom|Number=Plur	dies	dies		dies

Gender seems to be lexical feature of NOUN. 98% lemmas (2434) occur only with one value of Gender.

PRON

20923 la-pos/PRON tokens (97% of all PRON tokens) have a non-empty value of Gender.

The most frequent other feature values with which PRON and Gender co-occurred: Poss=EMPTY (18156; 87%), Number=Sing (14077; 67%), PronType=Prs (12690; 61%).

PRON tokens may have the following values of Gender:

• Fem (2680; 13% of non-empty Gender): quae, qua, quam, suam, tua, eam, quas, sua, mea, meam
• Fem,Masc (836; 4% of non-empty Gender): omnes, nobis, vobis, omnis, me, ego, nemo, nos, vos, tibi
• Fem,Neut (3; 0% of non-empty Gender): omnibus, quae
• Masc (13249; 63% of non-empty Gender): qui, me, eum, te, eius, se, mihi, ego, ei, vobis
• Masc,Neut (598; 3% of non-empty Gender): quo, suo, meo, tuum, tuo, meum, suum, nostro, nostrum, nostri
• Neut (3557; 17% of non-empty Gender): quod, quid, quae, omnia, id, nihil, ea, quo, aliquid, sua
• EMPTY (719): omnibus, omni, suis, quibus, omnium, se, nostris, meis, tuis, vobis

Paradigm qui	Fem,Masc	Fem,Neut	Masc	Masc,Neut	Fem	Neut
Case=Abl|Number=Sing|PronType=Int				quo	qua	quo
Case=Abl|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel			quo, qui	quo	qua	quo
Case=Abl|Number=Plur|PronType=Int			quibus		quibus	quibus
Case=Abl|Number=Plur|PronType=Rel	quibus		quibus		quibus	quibus
Case=Acc|Number=Sing|PronType=Int			quem		quam	quod
Case=Acc|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel			quem		quam, quem	quod, quae
Case=Acc|Number=Plur|PronType=Int			quos		quas	quae
Case=Acc|Number=Plur|PronType=Rel			quos		quas, quae	quae
Case=Dat|Number=Sing|PronType=Int			quo			cui
Case=Dat|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel			cui, quoi, quo		cui, quoi	cui
Case=Dat|Number=Plur|PronType=Rel			quibus		quibus	quibus
Case=Gen|Number=Sing|PronType=Int			cuius
Case=Gen|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel			cuius		cuius, quoius	cuius
Case=Gen|Number=Plur|PronType=Int			quorum
Case=Gen|Number=Plur|PronType=Rel			quorum	quorum	quarum	quorum
Case=Nom|Number=Sing|PronType=Int			qui		quae	quod
Case=Nom|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel			qui		quae, que, qua	quod
Case=Nom|Number=Plur|PronType=Int			qui		quae	quae
Case=Nom|Number=Plur|PronType=Rel		quae	qui		quae	quae, que

ADJ

12640 la-pos/ADJ tokens (92% of all ADJ tokens) have a non-empty value of Gender.

The most frequent other feature values with which ADJ and Gender co-occurred: Number=Sing (8355; 66%).

ADJ tokens may have the following values of Gender:

• Fem (3009; 24% of non-empty Gender): illa, haec, magna, ea, illam, hac, ipsa, hanc, tertia, publica
• Fem,Masc (455; 4% of non-empty Gender): certiorem, certior, maior, grandis, maiorem, talis, illis, paschales, tales, fidelis
• Fem,Neut (2; 0% of non-empty Gender): extremis, inconsutilis
• Masc (5298; 42% of non-empty Gender): illi, illis, illum, ille, hic, illos, illo, his, ipse, sanctus
• Masc,Neut (1197; 9% of non-empty Gender): eo, hoc, magno, Romani, eodem, ipso, sancto, ipsum, magnum, primo
• Neut (2679; 21% of non-empty Gender): hoc, haec, illud, multa, id, his, cetera, medio, illa, singula
• EMPTY (1172): his, eius, huius, multis, iis, totius, maiore, ipsius, paucis, reliquis

Paradigm ille	Fem,Masc	Masc	Masc,Neut	Fem	Neut
Case=Abl|Number=Sing		illo	illo	illa	illo
Case=Abl|Number=Plur	illis	illis		illis
Case=Acc|Number=Sing		illum, illud	illum	illam	illud, illut
Case=Acc|Number=Plur		illos		illas	illa
Case=Dat|Number=Sing		illi, illo		illi	illi
Case=Dat|Number=Plur		illis		illis	illis
Case=Gen|Number=Sing		illius		illius	illius
Case=Gen|Number=Plur		illorum	illorum	illarum	illorum
Case=Nom|Number=Sing		ille		illa	illud
Case=Nom|Number=Plur		illi		illae	illa

VERB

7315 la-pos/VERB tokens (18% of all VERB tokens) have a non-empty value of Gender.

The most frequent other feature values with which VERB and Gender co-occurred: Mood=EMPTY (7315; 100%), Person=EMPTY (7315; 100%), VerbForm=Part (6931; 95%), Case=Nom (4700; 64%), Number=Sing (4692; 64%), Tense=Past (4193; 57%), Aspect=Perf (4193; 57%), Voice=Pass (4183; 57%).

VERB tokens may have the following values of Gender:

• Fem (1234; 17% of non-empty Gender): facta, data, factae, datas, dicens, mortua, posita, secutae, accepta, cognita
• Fem,Masc (127; 2% of non-empty Gender): dicentem, agentes, euntes, ambulantem, habentem, habentes, stantem, exeuntes, loquentes, proficiscentes
• Masc (4577; 63% of non-empty Gender): dicens, dicentes, respondens, locutus, factus, profectus, videns, habens, surgens, videntes
• Masc,Neut (49; 1% of non-empty Gender): iurando, completo, futurorum, munitum, transacto, acceptum, adprobatum, aedificando, apertum, aversum
• Neut (1328; 18% of non-empty Gender): factum, scriptum, dictum, datum, facta, scripta, facto, futurum, visum, positum
• EMPTY (33118): est, sunt, esse, dixit, erat, ait, esset, erant, sum, dicit

Paradigm facio	Fem,Masc	Masc	Masc,Neut	Fem	Neut
Aspect=Perf|Case=Abl|Number=Sing|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass		facto	facto	facta	facto
Aspect=Perf|Case=Abl|Number=Plur|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass				factis	factis
Aspect=Perf|Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass		factum	factum	factam	factum
Aspect=Perf|Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass		factos		factas	facta
Aspect=Perf|Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass		facti
Aspect=Perf|Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass		factorum	factorum
Aspect=Perf|Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass		factus, facta		facta	factum
Aspect=Perf|Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass		facti		factae	facta
Case=Abl|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act		faciente
Case=Abl|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act		facientibus
Case=Abl|Number=Plur|VerbForm=Gdv		faciendis
Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act		facturum
Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act		facientem
Case=Acc|Number=Sing|VerbForm=Gdv		faciendum		faciendam	faciendum
Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act		facturos		facturas
Case=Dat|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act				facienti
Case=Gen|Number=Sing|VerbForm=Gdv		faciundi, faciendi		faciendae
Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act		facturus		factura
Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act	faciens	faciens		faciens	faciens
Case=Nom|Number=Sing|VerbForm=Gdv				facienda	faciendum, facteon
Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act		facturi
Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act	facientes	facientes

PROPN

5722 la-pos/PROPN tokens (87% of all PROPN tokens) have a non-empty value of Gender.

The most frequent other feature values with which PROPN and Gender co-occurred: Number=Sing (5599; 98%).

PROPN tokens may have the following values of Gender:

• Fem (1233; 22% of non-empty Gender): Romae, Galliae, Maria, Gallia, Galliam, Galilaeam, Romam, Galilaeae, Hierosolymam, Galilaea
• Fem,Masc (2; 0% of non-empty Gender): Hercyniam, Hierosolyma
• Masc (4335; 76% of non-empty Gender): Iesus, Caesar, Iesu, Iesum, Petrus, Anastase, Caesarem, Iohannes, Paulus, Christus
• Masc,Neut (1; 0% of non-empty Gender): Danubii
• Neut (151; 3% of non-empty Gender): Hierosolymis, Hierosolyma, Anti, Brundisi, Brundisium, Antium, Brundisio, Lazarium, Arcano, Buthroto
• EMPTY (837): Israhel, Hierusalem, David, Ioseph, Abraham, Iacob, Syon, Capharnaum, Eleona, Bethleem

Paradigm Hierosolyma	Fem,Masc	Fem	Neut
Case=Abl|Number=Sing		Ierusolima
Case=Abl|Number=Plur		Hierosolymis	Hierosolymis, Ierusolimis
Case=Acc|Number=Sing		Hierosolymam, Ierusolimam, Hierosolyma, Ierusolima
Case=Acc|Number=Plur	Hierosolyma		Hierosolyma
Case=Dat|Number=Sing		Hierosolymae
Case=Dat|Number=Plur			Hierosolymis
Case=Nom|Number=Sing		Hierosolyma

Gender seems to be lexical feature of PROPN. 96% lemmas (799) occur only with one value of Gender.

NUM

801 la-pos/NUM tokens (58% of all NUM tokens) have a non-empty value of Gender.

The most frequent other feature values with which NUM and Gender co-occurred: Number=Plur (408; 51%).

NUM tokens may have the following values of Gender:

• Fem (165; 21% of non-empty Gender): una, duas, unam, duae, duabus, tribus, tres, duarum, unius, ducentae
• Fem,Masc (21; 3% of non-empty Gender): tres, tribus, tris
• Masc (309; 39% of non-empty Gender): unus, unum, duo, duos, duobus, tres, uni, quingentos, uno, trium
• Masc,Neut (80; 10% of non-empty Gender): uno, unum, duobus, duorum, ducentorum, duo, quadringentorum
• Neut (226; 28% of non-empty Gender): milia, unum, duo, milibus, milium, tria, ducenta, duobus, uno, ducenta.quadraginta
• EMPTY (577): septem, duodecim, quinque, quattuor, decem, octo, sex, quadraginta, centum, triginta

Paradigm unus	Masc	Masc,Neut	Fem	Neut
Case=Abl|Number=Sing	uno	uno	una	uno
Case=Acc|Number=Sing	unum	unum	unam	unum
Case=Acc|Number=Plur			unas
Case=Dat|Number=Sing	uni, uno
Case=Gen|Number=Sing			unius
Case=Nom|Number=Sing	unus, unum		una	unum

DET

126 la-pos/DET tokens (83% of all DET tokens) have a non-empty value of Gender.

The most frequent other feature values with which DET and Gender co-occurred: Number=Sing (103; 82%).

DET tokens may have the following values of Gender:

• Fem (42; 33% of non-empty Gender): ipsa, ipsam, illa, illam, illas, ipsas, Ista, ipsae
• Masc (72; 57% of non-empty Gender): ille, ipse, illum, illi, illos, ipsos, ipsum, illorum, ipsis, istum
• Masc,Neut (10; 8% of non-empty Gender): ipso, hoc, illo, ipsorum
• Neut (2; 2% of non-empty Gender): illud
• EMPTY (26): ipsius, illis, ipsi, ipsis, illius, huius

Paradigm ille	Masc	Masc,Neut	Fem	Neut
Case=Abl|Number=Sing		illo	illa
Case=Acc|Number=Sing	illum		illam, illa	illud
Case=Acc|Number=Plur	illos		illas
Case=Dat|Number=Sing	illi
Case=Gen|Number=Plur	illorum
Case=Nom|Number=Sing	ille		illa
Case=Nom|Number=Plur	illi

Relations with Agreement in Gender

The 10 most frequent relations where parent and child node agree in Gender: NOUN –[nmod]–> PRON (3284; 62%), NOUN –[amod]–> ADJ (2143; 59%), NOUN –[nmod]–> ADJ (1482; 62%), VERB –[nsubjpass]–> NOUN (1342; 60%), NOUN –[conj]–> NOUN (1092; 51%), PROPN –[appos]–> NOUN (411; 79%), PROPN –[name]–> PROPN (323; 91%), ADJ –[conj]–> ADJ (294; 83%), PROPN –[conj]–> PROPN (290; 85%), ADJ –[nsubj]–> NOUN (285; 74%).

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