punct: punctuation
This element is used for any piece of punctuation in a clause.
The last punctuation mark of the sentence (usually a full stop or interrogative/exclamation point) always depends on the root; commas, apexes and punctuation elements depend on the head of the clause, or the complement, they refer to. In general, tokens with the relation punct always attach to content words (except in cases of ellipsis) and can never have dependents on their own.
" Chirac , ricorda ti Hiroshima "
punct(Chirac, "-1)
punct(Chirac, ,)
punct(Chirac, "-7)
I carri armati , quando si muovevano , andavano a Budapest
punct(carri, ,-4)
punct(muovevano, ,-8)
Punctuation marks separating coordinated units must be all attached to the first conjunct.
Proiettavano Dreyer , Bergman , Kazan , De Sica
punct(Dreyer, ,-3)
punct(Dreyer, ,-5)
punct(Dreyer, ,-7)
Treebank Statistics (UD_Italian)
This relation is universal.
33296 nodes (11%) are attached to their parents as punct.
30138 instances of punct (91%) are left-to-right (parent precedes child).
Average distance between parent and child is 9.15785679961557.
The following 17 pairs of parts of speech are connected with punct: it-pos/VERB-it-pos/PUNCT (15377; 46% instances), it-pos/NOUN-it-pos/PUNCT (9652; 29% instances), it-pos/PROPN-it-pos/PUNCT (2830; 8% instances), it-pos/NUM-it-pos/PUNCT (1696; 5% instances), it-pos/ADJ-it-pos/PUNCT (1681; 5% instances), it-pos/PRON-it-pos/PUNCT (1132; 3% instances), it-pos/ADV-it-pos/PUNCT (597; 2% instances), it-pos/CONJ-it-pos/PUNCT (77; 0% instances), it-pos/X-it-pos/PUNCT (72; 0% instances), it-pos/PUNCT-it-pos/PUNCT (57; 0% instances), it-pos/INTJ-it-pos/PUNCT (56; 0% instances), it-pos/AUX-it-pos/PUNCT (42; 0% instances), it-pos/SCONJ-it-pos/PUNCT (15; 0% instances), it-pos/DET-it-pos/PUNCT (5; 0% instances), it-pos/ADP-it-pos/PUNCT (3; 0% instances), it-pos/SYM-it-pos/PUNCT (3; 0% instances), it-pos/NOUN-it-pos/CONJ (1; 0% instances).
# visual-style 14 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 14 fgColor:white
# visual-style 5 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 5 fgColor:white
# visual-style 5 14 punct color:blue
1 Tutti tutto DET T Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Predet 3 det:predet _ _
2 gli il DET RD Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art 3 det _ _
3 esseri essere NOUN S Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 5 nsubj _ _
4 umani umano ADJ A Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 3 amod _ _
5 sanno sapere VERB V Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _
6 di di ADP E _ 9 mark _ _
7 poter potere AUX VM VerbForm=Inf 9 aux _ _
8 essere essere VERB V VerbForm=Inf 9 cop _ _
9 più più ADV B _ 5 xcomp _ _
10 di di ADP E _ 11 case _ _
11 ciò ciò PRON PD Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 9 nmod _ _
12 che che PRON PR PronType=Rel 13 nsubj _ _
13 sono essere VERB V Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 11 acl:relcl _ SpaceAfter=No
14 . . PUNCT FS _ 5 punct _ _
# visual-style 5 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 5 fgColor:white
# visual-style 1 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 1 fgColor:white
# visual-style 1 5 punct color:blue
1 Sorpresa sorpresa NOUN S Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 0 root _ _
2 in in ADP E _ 4 case _ _
3 la il DET RD Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art 4 det _ _
4 sorpresa sorpresa NOUN S Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 1 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No
5 : : PUNCT FC _ 1 punct _ _
# visual-style 2 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 2 fgColor:white
# visual-style 1 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 1 fgColor:white
# visual-style 1 2 punct color:blue
1 Tudjman Tudjman PROPN SP _ 0 root _ SpaceAfter=No
2 , , PUNCT FF _ 1 punct _ _
3 l' il DET RD Definite=Def|Number=Sing|PronType=Art 4 det _ SpaceAfter=No
4 arte arte NOUN S Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 1 nmod _ _
5 di di ADP E _ 7 case _ _
6 la il DET RD Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art 7 det _ _
7 vendetta vendetta NOUN S Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 4 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No
8 . . PUNCT FS _ 1 punct _ _
punct in other languages: [bg] [cs] [de] [el] [en] [es] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fr] [ga] [he] [hu] [it] [ja] [ko] [sv] [u]