Echo: is this an echo word or a reduplicative?
| Values: | Ech | Rdp |
This covers a range of compound reduplicated forms or echo words in Middle Armenian. The reduplicative and echo words get the same POS tag as the head word or will be tagged according to their basic use.
See also the related feature Hyph.
Rdp: reduplicative
The word is a copy of a previous word. Тhis would add the meaning of distribution, separation, variety, diversity or just emphasis.
Examples
- ատեն ատեն/aten aten “from time to time”,
- կաթ կաթ/kat’ kat’ “drop by drop”,
- հանկուստ հանկուստ/hankowst hankowst “knotted, having knots”,
- հատ հատ/hat hat “one by one”,
- շիթ շիթ/šit’ šit’ “in jets, jet by jet”,
- ծվէն ծվէն/çvēn çvēn “in shreds, in tatters”
In some cases one of the words in reduplicated forms may also be modified individually by other words.
- եռ ընդ եռ/eṙ ënd eṙ “boiling hot”,
- գող ի գող/goġ i goġ “stealthily”
Ech: echo
The word fully or partly rhymes with a previous or following word but it is not identical to it and typically it does not have any meaning of its own. The echoed part is a form that does not occur elsewhere than in compounds. In Middle Armenian it generalizes or specifies the meaning of the previous or following word and is translated as “or something”, “etc.”, “like that” etc.
Examples
- աքիս մաքիս/ak’is mak’is “like a weasel, as a weasel”,
- աղուշ մաղուշ/aġowš maġowš “sweetly, in a sweet and gentle way”,
- հառոք և փառոք/haṙok’ ew p’aṙok’ “good and proper”,
- սուտ ու փութ/sowt ow p’owt’ “false, pretended”,
- աժնել բաժնել/ažnel bažnel “separate from each other”,
Echo in other languages: [axm] [hy] [u]