This is part of archived UD v1 documentation. See http://universaldependencies.org/ for the current version.
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X: other

Definition

The tag X is used for words that for some reason cannot be assigned a real part-of-speech category.

A special usage of X is for cases of code-switching where it is not possible (or meaningful) to analyze the intervening language grammatically (and where the dependency relation foreign is typically used in the syntactic analysis). This rarely applies to the PDT data where many foreign words are tagged with their original part of speech.

Even if foreign words are tagged X, this usage does not extend to ordinary loan words which should be assigned a normal part-of-speech. For example, in Skotové nosí kilt  “Scots wear kilts”, kilt is an ordinary NOUN.

Examples

Treebank Statistics (UD_Czech)

There are 4 X lemmas (0%), 4 X types (0%) and 13 X tokens (0%). Out of 17 observed tags, the rank of X is: 16 in number of lemmas, 17 in number of types and 17 in number of tokens.

The 10 most frequent X lemmas: a, h, m, s

The 10 most frequent X types: A, H, M, S

The 10 most frequent ambiguous lemmas: a (CONJ 32110, NOUN 133, ADJ 15, ADP 9, X 4), h (NOUN 24, X 3), m (NOUN 46, X 3, ADJ 2), s (ADP 11169, NOUN 90, PART 21, X 3, ADJ 1)

The 10 most frequent ambiguous types: A (CONJ 1042, PROPN 172, NOUN 93, ADJ 19, X 4), H (PROPN 77, NOUN 18, X 3), M (PROPN 244, NOUN 51, X 3, ADJ 1), S (ADP 470, PROPN 117, NOUN 38, ADJ 14, X 3)

Morphology

The form / lemma ratio of X is 1.000000 (the average of all parts of speech is 2.195930).

The 1st highest number of forms (1) was observed with the lemma “a”: A.

The 2nd highest number of forms (1) was observed with the lemma “h”: H.

The 3rd highest number of forms (1) was observed with the lemma “m”: M.

X occurs with 1 features: cs-feat/Abbr (12; 92% instances)

X occurs with 1 feature-value pairs: Abbr=Yes

X occurs with 2 feature combinations. The most frequent feature combination is Abbr=Yes (12 tokens). Examples: A, H, M, S

Relations

X nodes are attached to their parents using 2 different relations: cs-dep/nmod (12; 92% instances), cs-dep/nsubj (1; 8% instances)

Parents of X nodes belong to 2 different parts of speech: X (9; 69% instances), NOUN (4; 31% instances)

1 (8%) X nodes are leaves.

9 (69%) X nodes have one child.

0 (0%) X nodes have two children.

3 (23%) X nodes have three or more children.

The highest child degree of a X node is 4.

Children of X nodes are attached using 2 different relations: cs-dep/punct (11; 55% instances), cs-dep/nmod (9; 45% instances)

Children of X nodes belong to 2 different parts of speech: PUNCT (11; 55% instances), X (9; 45% instances)

Treebank Statistics (UD_Czech-CLTT)

There are 536 X lemmas (20%), 536 X types (11%) and 1244 X tokens (4%). Out of 15 observed tags, the rank of X is: 3 in number of lemmas, 4 in number of types and 7 in number of tokens.

The 10 most frequent X lemmas: a), b), c), d), e), f), h), g), není-li, i)

The 10 most frequent X types: a), b), c), d), e), f), h), g), není-li, i)

The 10 most frequent ambiguous lemmas:

The 10 most frequent ambiguous types:

Morphology

The form / lemma ratio of X is 1.000000 (the average of all parts of speech is 1.764161).

The 1st highest number of forms (1) was observed with the lemma “”**_Výsledek_hospodaření_před_zdaněním””: “**_Výsledek_hospodaření_před_zdaněním”.

The 2nd highest number of forms (1) was observed with the lemma “”***Výsledek_hospodaření_za_účetní_období””: “***Výsledek_hospodaření_za_účetní_období”.

The 3rd highest number of forms (1) was observed with the lemma “”***_Výsledek_hospodaření_za_účetní_období””: “***_Výsledek_hospodaření_za_účetní_období”.

X does not occur with any features.

Relations

X nodes are attached to their parents using 11 different relations: cs-dep/nmod (729; 59% instances), cs-dep/advmod (148; 12% instances), cs-dep/conj (132; 11% instances), cs-dep/root (130; 10% instances), cs-dep/dep (71; 6% instances), cs-dep/cop (27; 2% instances), cs-dep/auxpass (2; 0% instances), cs-dep/dobj (2; 0% instances), cs-dep/appos (1; 0% instances), cs-dep/mark (1; 0% instances), cs-dep/nsubj (1; 0% instances)

Parents of X nodes belong to 8 different parts of speech: NOUN (672; 54% instances), VERB (191; 15% instances), ROOT (130; 10% instances), X (129; 10% instances), ADJ (86; 7% instances), NUM (33; 3% instances), ADV (2; 0% instances), ADP (1; 0% instances)

872 (70%) X nodes are leaves.

215 (17%) X nodes have one child.

77 (6%) X nodes have two children.

80 (6%) X nodes have three or more children.

The highest child degree of a X node is 21.

Children of X nodes are attached using 19 different relations: cs-dep/case (235; 29% instances), cs-dep/conj (178; 22% instances), cs-dep/punct (125; 16% instances), cs-dep/nmod (82; 10% instances), cs-dep/cc (72; 9% instances), cs-dep/dobj (30; 4% instances), cs-dep/advmod:emph (28; 3% instances), cs-dep/nsubj (23; 3% instances), cs-dep/dep (6; 1% instances), cs-dep/advmod (5; 1% instances), cs-dep/advcl (4; 0% instances), cs-dep/mark (4; 0% instances), cs-dep/expl (3; 0% instances), cs-dep/xcomp (3; 0% instances), cs-dep/csubj (2; 0% instances), cs-dep/acl (1; 0% instances), cs-dep/amod (1; 0% instances), cs-dep/appos (1; 0% instances), cs-dep/nummod (1; 0% instances)

Children of X nodes belong to 12 different parts of speech: ADP (235; 29% instances), NOUN (172; 21% instances), X (129; 16% instances), PUNCT (126; 16% instances), CONJ (62; 8% instances), PART (38; 5% instances), VERB (13; 2% instances), PRON (10; 1% instances), ADV (6; 1% instances), NUM (6; 1% instances), SCONJ (5; 1% instances), ADJ (2; 0% instances)

X in other languages: [bg] [cs] [de] [el] [en] [es] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fr] [ga] [he] [hu] [it] [ja] [ko] [sv] [u]