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mark:rel: adjectival, relativizer, and nominalizer GE

The mark:rel relation is reserved for three related uses of 嘅 ge3: adjectives, relative clauses, and nominalized clauses.

Adjectives [ADJ + 嘅 + NOUN]

When an adjective modifying a noun is followed by the particle 嘅 before the noun, the adjective is the head of the particle 嘅.

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# visual-style 1 2 mark:rel	color:blue
# visual-style 1	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 1	fgColor:white
# visual-style 2	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 2	fgColor:white
1	嚴重	_	ADJ	_	_	3	amod	_	grave
2	嘅	_	PART	_	_	1	mark:rel	_	_
3	問題	_	NOUN	_	_	0	root	_	problem

1	"grave	_	_	_	_	0	_	_	_
2	problem"	_	_	_	_	0	_	_	_
{
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-1-S1-T1", "ADJ", [ [ 0, 2 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-T2", "PART", [ [ 3, 4 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-T3", "NOUN", [ [ 5, 7 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S2-T1", "_", [ [ 8, 14 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S2-T2", "_", [ [ 15, 23 ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-1-S1-R0", "amod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-S1-T3" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-S1-T1" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-R1", "mark:rel", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-S1-T1" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-S1-T2" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-R2", "root", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-S1-T0" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-S1-T3" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S2-R0", "_", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-S2-T0" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-S2-T1" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S2-R1", "_", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-S2-T0" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-S2-T2" ] ] ]
    ],
    "comments": [ [ "embedded-1-S1-T1", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T1", "AnnotatorNotes", "Misc: grave" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T2", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Misc: problem" ], [ "embedded-1-S2-T1", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-1-S2-T2", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ] ],
    "styles": [ [ [ "embedded-1-S1-T1", "embedded-1-S1-T2", "mark:rel" ], "color", "blue" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T1", "bgColor", "blue" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T1", "fgColor", "white" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T2", "bgColor", "blue" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T2", "fgColor", "white" ] ],
    "sentlabels": [ "1", null ],
    "text": "嚴重 嘅 問題\n\"grave problem\"",
    "error": false
}

Relative clauses [clause + 嘅 + NOUN]

When the particle 嘅 is used after a clause turning it into a relative clause that modifies the following noun, the particle is a mark:rel dependent of the main verb of the relative clause.

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# visual-style 5 6 mark:rel	color:blue
# visual-style 5	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 5	fgColor:white
# visual-style 6	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 6	fgColor:white
1	阿明	_	PROPN	_	_	5	nsubj	_	Ming
2	喺	_	ADP	_	_	3	case	_	in
3	電視劇	_	NOUN	_	_	5	obl	_	TV-show
4	入面	_	ADP	_	_	3	case:loc	_	middle
5	戴	_	VERB	_	_	7	acl	_	wear
6	嘅	_	PART	_	_	5	mark:rel	_	REL
7	手鍊	_	NOUN	_	_	0	root	_	bracelet

1	"the	_	_	_	_	0	_	_	_
2	bracelet	_	_	_	_	0	_	_	_
3	that	_	_	_	_	0	_	_	_
4	Ming	_	_	_	_	0	_	_	_
5	wears	_	_	_	_	0	_	_	_
6	in	_	_	_	_	0	_	_	_
7	the	_	_	_	_	0	_	_	_
8	TV	_	_	_	_	0	_	_	_
9	show"	_	_	_	_	0	_	_	_
{
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-2-S1-T1", "PROPN", [ [ 0, 2 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-T2", "ADP", [ [ 3, 4 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-T3", "NOUN", [ [ 5, 8 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-T4", "ADP", [ [ 9, 11 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-T5", "VERB", [ [ 12, 13 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-T6", "PART", [ [ 14, 15 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-T7", "NOUN", [ [ 16, 18 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S2-T1", "_", [ [ 19, 23 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S2-T2", "_", [ [ 24, 32 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S2-T3", "_", [ [ 33, 37 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S2-T4", "_", [ [ 38, 42 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S2-T5", "_", [ [ 43, 48 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S2-T6", "_", [ [ 49, 51 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S2-T7", "_", [ [ 52, 55 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S2-T8", "_", [ [ 56, 58 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S2-T9", "_", [ [ 59, 64 ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-2-S1-R0", "nsubj", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S1-T5" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S1-T1" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-R1", "case", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S1-T3" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S1-T2" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-R2", "obl", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S1-T5" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S1-T3" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-R3", "case:loc", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S1-T3" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S1-T4" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-R4", "acl", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S1-T7" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S1-T5" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-R5", "mark:rel", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S1-T5" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S1-T6" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-R6", "root", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S1-T0" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S1-T7" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S2-R0", "_", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S2-T0" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S2-T1" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S2-R1", "_", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S2-T0" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S2-T2" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S2-R2", "_", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S2-T0" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S2-T3" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S2-R3", "_", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S2-T0" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S2-T4" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S2-R4", "_", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S2-T0" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S2-T5" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S2-R5", "_", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S2-T0" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S2-T6" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S2-R6", "_", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S2-T0" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S2-T7" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S2-R7", "_", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S2-T0" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S2-T8" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S2-R8", "_", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S2-T0" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S2-T9" ] ] ]
    ],
    "comments": [ [ "embedded-2-S1-T1", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T1", "AnnotatorNotes", "Misc: Ming" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T2", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T2", "AnnotatorNotes", "Misc: in" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Misc: TV-show" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T4", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T4", "AnnotatorNotes", "Misc: middle" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T5", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T5", "AnnotatorNotes", "Misc: wear" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T6", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T6", "AnnotatorNotes", "Misc: REL" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T7", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T7", "AnnotatorNotes", "Misc: bracelet" ], [ "embedded-2-S2-T1", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-2-S2-T2", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-2-S2-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-2-S2-T4", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-2-S2-T5", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-2-S2-T6", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-2-S2-T7", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-2-S2-T8", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-2-S2-T9", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ] ],
    "styles": [ [ [ "embedded-2-S1-T5", "embedded-2-S1-T6", "mark:rel" ], "color", "blue" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T5", "bgColor", "blue" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T5", "fgColor", "white" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T6", "bgColor", "blue" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T6", "fgColor", "white" ] ],
    "sentlabels": [ "2", null ],
    "text": "阿明 喺 電視劇 入面 戴 嘅 手鍊\n\"the bracelet that Ming wears in the TV show\"",
    "error": false
}

Nominalized clauses [clause + 嘅]

When the particle 的 is used after a verb, predicate adjective, or object-less clause turning it into a nominal, the particle is annotated as a mark:rel dependent of the head of the nominalized clause.

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input
    
brat
    
info
  
# visual-style 2 3 mark:rel	color:blue
# visual-style 2	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 2	fgColor:white
# visual-style 3	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 3	fgColor:white
1	佢哋	_	PRON	_	_	2	nsubj	_	3PL
2	寫	_	VERB	_	_	6	nsubj	_	write
3	嘅	_	PART	_	_	2	mark:rel	_	NMZR
4	唔	_	ADV	_	_	5	advmod	_	NEG
5	係	_	ADJ	_	_	6	cop	_	be
6	詩	_	NOUN	_	_	0	root	_	poetry

1	"What	_	_	_	_	0	_	_	_
2	they	_	_	_	_	0	_	_	_
3	write	_	_	_	_	0	_	_	_
4	is	_	_	_	_	0	_	_	_
5	not	_	_	_	_	0	_	_	_
6	poetry."	_	_	_	_	0	_	_	_
{
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-3-S1-T1", "PRON", [ [ 0, 2 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-T2", "VERB", [ [ 3, 4 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-T3", "PART", [ [ 5, 6 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-T4", "ADV", [ [ 7, 8 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-T5", "ADJ", [ [ 9, 10 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-T6", "NOUN", [ [ 11, 12 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S2-T1", "_", [ [ 13, 18 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S2-T2", "_", [ [ 19, 23 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S2-T3", "_", [ [ 24, 29 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S2-T4", "_", [ [ 30, 32 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S2-T5", "_", [ [ 33, 36 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S2-T6", "_", [ [ 37, 45 ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-3-S1-R0", "nsubj", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-S1-T2" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-S1-T1" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-R1", "nsubj", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-S1-T6" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-S1-T2" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-R2", "mark:rel", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-S1-T2" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-S1-T3" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-R3", "advmod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-S1-T5" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-S1-T4" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-R4", "cop", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-S1-T6" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-S1-T5" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-R5", "root", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-S1-T0" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-S1-T6" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S2-R0", "_", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-S2-T0" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-S2-T1" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S2-R1", "_", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-S2-T0" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-S2-T2" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S2-R2", "_", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-S2-T0" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-S2-T3" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S2-R3", "_", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-S2-T0" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-S2-T4" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S2-R4", "_", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-S2-T0" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-S2-T5" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S2-R5", "_", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-S2-T0" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-S2-T6" ] ] ]
    ],
    "comments": [ [ "embedded-3-S1-T1", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T1", "AnnotatorNotes", "Misc: 3PL" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T2", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T2", "AnnotatorNotes", "Misc: write" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Misc: NMZR" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T4", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T4", "AnnotatorNotes", "Misc: NEG" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T5", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T5", "AnnotatorNotes", "Misc: be" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T6", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T6", "AnnotatorNotes", "Misc: poetry" ], [ "embedded-3-S2-T1", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-3-S2-T2", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-3-S2-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-3-S2-T4", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-3-S2-T5", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-3-S2-T6", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ] ],
    "styles": [ [ [ "embedded-3-S1-T2", "embedded-3-S1-T3", "mark:rel" ], "color", "blue" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T2", "bgColor", "blue" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T2", "fgColor", "white" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T3", "bgColor", "blue" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T3", "fgColor", "white" ] ],
    "sentlabels": [ "3", null ],
    "text": "佢哋 寫 嘅 唔 係 詩\n\"What they write is not poetry.\"",
    "error": false
}

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