Clusivity: clusivity
| Values: | Ex | In |
Clusivity is a feature of first-person plural personal pronouns. As such, it can also be reflected by inflection of verbs, e.g. in Plains Cree (Wolvengrey 2011 p. 66).
In: inclusive
Includes the listener, i.e. we = I + you (+ optionally they).
Examples
- [id] kita “we”
- [crk] kiwīcihānaw “we (I+you) help him”
Ex: exclusive
Excludes the listener, i.e. we = I + they.
Examples
- [id] kami “we”
- [crk] niwīcihānān “we (I+they) help him”
References
- Arok Elessar Wolvengrey. 2011. Semantic and pragmatic functions in Plains Cree syntax (PhD thesis). LOT, Utrecht, Netherlands. ISBN 978-94-6093-051-5.
Clusivity in other languages: [gub] [u]