AUX: auxiliary verb
Definition
An auxiliary is a function word that accompanies the lexical verb of a verb phrase and expresses grammatical distinctions not carried by the lexical verb, such as tense, mood, or aspect.
It is sometimes a verb (sī, mâ). The class AUX also includes the copulas a, i, it does not include the copulas hâ, ǀkhai verbs in location and existence clauses, since they are used in the clause final position typically occupied by verbs and not by auxiliaries.
Most modal verbs act similarly to regular verbs (e.g., ǁkhā “be able” and ǁoa “be unable”), thus they are tagged VERB. The exception is moet/mut “must, have to”, borrowed from Afrikaans, whereas it is a modal verb in Afrikaans, in Khoekhoe it always occurs in the auxiliary position, therefore it is tagged AUX.
Examples
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Tense auxiliaries: ge, go, nî
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Aspect auxiliaries: ra, hâ, a
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Mood auxiliaries: ge, re, tā, ka/ga, i, kom … o, kha
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Evidentiality auxiliary: koma
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Verbal auxiliaries: sī, mâ
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Copulas (equation, attribution, possession, benefaction): a, i
AUX in other languages: [bej] [bg] [bm] [cs] [cy] [da] [el] [en] [es] [et] [fi] [fro] [fr] [ga] [grc] [gub] [hu] [hy] [it] [ja] [ka] [kk] [kpv] [ky] [myv] [no] [pcm] [pt] [qpm] [ru] [sl] [sv] [tr] [tt] [uk] [u] [urj] [xcl] [yue] [zh]