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dobj: direct object

A direct object is a nominal which is the (accusative) object of the verbal predicate.

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Il mange un sandwich . \n He eats a sandwich .
dobj(mange, sandwich)
{
    "text": "Il mange un sandwich . \n He eats a sandwich . ",
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-1-T1", "token", [ [ 0, 2 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T2", "token", [ [ 3, 8 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T3", "token", [ [ 9, 11 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T4", "token", [ [ 12, 20 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T5", "token", [ [ 21, 22 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T7", "token", [ [ 25, 27 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T8", "token", [ [ 28, 32 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T9", "token", [ [ 33, 34 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T10", "token", [ [ 35, 43 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T11", "token", [ [ 44, 45 ] ] ]
    ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-1-R1", "dobj", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-T2" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-T4" ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "error": false,
    "sentlabels": [ "1" ]
}

The dobj relation is also used for a reflexive pronoun in pronominal verb when the pronoun is a direct object of the verb. When the grammatical relation of the pronoun is not a direct object nor an indirect object (as in se douter “to suspect”), the pronoun gets analyzed as expl.

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Il se lave . \n He washes himself .
dobj(lave, se)
{
    "text": "Il se lave . \n He washes himself . ",
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-2-T1", "token", [ [ 0, 2 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T2", "token", [ [ 3, 5 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T3", "token", [ [ 6, 10 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T4", "token", [ [ 11, 12 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T6", "token", [ [ 15, 17 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T7", "token", [ [ 18, 24 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T8", "token", [ [ 25, 32 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T9", "token", [ [ 33, 34 ] ] ]
    ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-2-R1", "dobj", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-T3" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-T2" ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "error": false,
    "sentlabels": [ "2" ]
}

---

Treebank Statistics (UD_French)

This relation is universal.

15016 nodes (4%) are attached to their parents as dobj.

11338 instances of dobj (76%) are left-to-right (parent precedes child). Average distance between parent and child is 2.22602557272243.

The following 37 pairs of parts of speech are connected with dobj: VERB-NOUN (10224; 68% instances), VERB-PRON (3718; 25% instances), VERB-PROPN (738; 5% instances), VERB-SYM (49; 0% instances), ADJ-PRON (42; 0% instances), NOUN-PRON (39; 0% instances), NOUN-NOUN (25; 0% instances), VERB-X (25; 0% instances), ADP-NOUN (23; 0% instances), VERB-NUM (23; 0% instances), PROPN-PRON (19; 0% instances), VERB-ADJ (13; 0% instances), VERB-ADV (10; 0% instances), ADJ-NOUN (8; 0% instances), AUX-NOUN (8; 0% instances), NUM-PRON (6; 0% instances), ADV-NOUN (5; 0% instances), NOUN-PROPN (5; 0% instances), VERB-SCONJ (4; 0% instances), VERB-VERB (4; 0% instances), ADP-PROPN (3; 0% instances), AUX-PRON (3; 0% instances), PROPN-NOUN (3; 0% instances), PROPN-PROPN (3; 0% instances), ADV-PRON (2; 0% instances), DET-NOUN (2; 0% instances), PRON-PRON (2; 0% instances), ADP-PRON (1; 0% instances), ADV-PROPN (1; 0% instances), DET-X (1; 0% instances), INTJ-PRON (1; 0% instances), NOUN-X (1; 0% instances), PRON-NOUN (1; 0% instances), PROPN-SYM (1; 0% instances), VERB-INTJ (1; 0% instances), X-PRON (1; 0% instances), X-PROPN (1; 0% instances).

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# visual-style 11	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 11	fgColor:white
# visual-style 8	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 8	fgColor:white
# visual-style 8 11 dobj	color:blue
1	Les	_	DET	_	_	2	det	_	_
2	compagnies	_	NOUN	_	_	8	nsubj	_	_
3	aériennes	_	ADJ	_	_	2	amod	_	_
4	à	_	ADP	_	_	6	case	_	_
5	bas	_	ADJ	_	_	6	amod	_	_
6	coût	_	NOUN	_	_	2	nmod	_	_
7	ne	_	PART	_	_	8	neg	_	_
8	connaissent	_	VERB	_	_	0	root	_	_
9	pas	_	ADV	_	_	8	neg	_	_
10	la	_	DET	_	_	11	det	_	_
11	crise	_	NOUN	_	_	8	dobj	_	_
12	.	_	PUNCT	_	_	8	punct	_	_
{
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-3-S1-T1", "DET", [ [ 0, 3 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-T2", "NOUN", [ [ 4, 14 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-T3", "ADJ", [ [ 15, 24 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-T4", "ADP", [ [ 25, 26 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-T5", "ADJ", [ [ 27, 30 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-T6", "NOUN", [ [ 31, 35 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-T7", "PART", [ [ 36, 38 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-T8", "VERB", [ [ 39, 50 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-T9", "ADV", [ [ 51, 54 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-T10", "DET", [ [ 55, 57 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-T11", "NOUN", [ [ 58, 63 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-T12", "PUNCT", [ [ 64, 65 ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-3-S1-R0", "det", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-S1-T2" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-S1-T1" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-R1", "nsubj", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-S1-T8" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-S1-T2" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-R2", "amod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-S1-T2" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-S1-T3" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-R3", "case", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-S1-T6" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-S1-T4" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-R4", "amod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-S1-T6" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-S1-T5" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-R5", "nmod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-S1-T2" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-S1-T6" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-R6", "neg", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-S1-T8" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-S1-T7" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-R7", "root", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-S1-T0" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-S1-T8" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-R8", "neg", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-S1-T8" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-S1-T9" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-R9", "det", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-S1-T11" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-S1-T10" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-R10", "dobj", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-S1-T8" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-S1-T11" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-R11", "punct", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-S1-T8" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-S1-T12" ] ] ]
    ],
    "comments": [ [ "embedded-3-S1-T1", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T2", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T4", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T5", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T6", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T7", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T8", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T9", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T10", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T11", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T12", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ] ],
    "styles": [ [ "embedded-3-S1-T11", "bgColor", "blue" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T11", "fgColor", "white" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T8", "bgColor", "blue" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T8", "fgColor", "white" ], [ [ "embedded-3-S1-T8", "embedded-3-S1-T11", "dobj" ], "color", "blue" ] ],
    "sentlabels": [ "3" ],
    "text": "Les compagnies aériennes à bas coût ne connaissent pas la crise .",
    "error": false
}

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# visual-style 5	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 5	fgColor:white
# visual-style 6	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 6	fgColor:white
# visual-style 6 5 dobj	color:blue
1	Pourquoi	_	ADV	_	_	6	advmod	_	_
2	,	_	PUNCT	_	_	1	punct	_	_
3	mais	_	CONJ	_	_	1	cc	_	_
4	pourquoi	_	ADV	_	_	1	advmod	_	_
5	Le	_	PRON	_	_	6	dobj	_	_
6	bénirais	_	VERB	_	_	0	root	_	_
7	-je	_	PRON	_	_	6	nsubj	_	_
8	?	_	PUNCT	_	_	6	punct	_	_
{
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-4-S1-T1", "ADV", [ [ 0, 8 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-S1-T2", "PUNCT", [ [ 9, 10 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-S1-T3", "CONJ", [ [ 11, 15 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-S1-T4", "ADV", [ [ 16, 24 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-S1-T5", "PRON", [ [ 25, 27 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-S1-T6", "VERB", [ [ 28, 36 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-S1-T7", "PRON", [ [ 37, 40 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-S1-T8", "PUNCT", [ [ 41, 42 ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-4-S1-R0", "advmod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-4-S1-T6" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-4-S1-T1" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-S1-R1", "punct", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-4-S1-T1" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-4-S1-T2" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-S1-R2", "cc", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-4-S1-T1" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-4-S1-T3" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-S1-R3", "advmod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-4-S1-T1" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-4-S1-T4" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-S1-R4", "dobj", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-4-S1-T6" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-4-S1-T5" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-S1-R5", "root", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-4-S1-T0" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-4-S1-T6" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-S1-R6", "nsubj", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-4-S1-T6" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-4-S1-T7" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-S1-R7", "punct", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-4-S1-T6" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-4-S1-T8" ] ] ]
    ],
    "comments": [ [ "embedded-4-S1-T1", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-T2", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-T4", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-T5", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-T6", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-T7", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-T8", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ] ],
    "styles": [ [ "embedded-4-S1-T5", "bgColor", "blue" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-T5", "fgColor", "white" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-T6", "bgColor", "blue" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-T6", "fgColor", "white" ], [ [ "embedded-4-S1-T6", "embedded-4-S1-T5", "dobj" ], "color", "blue" ] ],
    "sentlabels": [ "4" ],
    "text": "Pourquoi , mais pourquoi Le bénirais -je ?",
    "error": false
}

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# visual-style 5	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 5	fgColor:white
# visual-style 3	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 3	fgColor:white
# visual-style 3 5 dobj	color:blue
1	Elle	_	PRON	_	_	3	nsubj	_	_
2	y	_	PRON	_	_	3	iobj	_	_
3	incarnera	_	VERB	_	_	0	root	_	_
4	la	_	DET	_	_	5	det	_	_
5	Poussette	_	PROPN	_	_	3	dobj	_	_
6	de	_	ADP	_	_	7	case	_	_
7	Manon	_	PROPN	_	_	5	nmod	_	_
8	peu	_	ADV	_	_	9	mwe	_	_
9	de	_	DET	_	_	10	det	_	_
10	temps	_	NOUN	_	_	3	nmod	_	_
11	après	_	ADP	_	_	10	advmod	_	_
12	.	_	PUNCT	_	_	3	punct	_	_
{
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-5-S1-T1", "PRON", [ [ 0, 4 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-T2", "PRON", [ [ 5, 6 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-T3", "VERB", [ [ 7, 16 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-T4", "DET", [ [ 17, 19 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-T5", "PROPN", [ [ 20, 29 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-T6", "ADP", [ [ 30, 32 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-T7", "PROPN", [ [ 33, 38 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-T8", "ADV", [ [ 39, 42 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-T9", "DET", [ [ 43, 45 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-T10", "NOUN", [ [ 46, 51 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-T11", "ADP", [ [ 52, 57 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-T12", "PUNCT", [ [ 58, 59 ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-5-S1-R0", "nsubj", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-5-S1-T3" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-5-S1-T1" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-R1", "iobj", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-5-S1-T3" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-5-S1-T2" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-R2", "root", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-5-S1-T0" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-5-S1-T3" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-R3", "det", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-5-S1-T5" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-5-S1-T4" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-R4", "dobj", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-5-S1-T3" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-5-S1-T5" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-R5", "case", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-5-S1-T7" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-5-S1-T6" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-R6", "nmod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-5-S1-T5" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-5-S1-T7" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-R7", "mwe", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-5-S1-T9" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-5-S1-T8" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-R8", "det", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-5-S1-T10" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-5-S1-T9" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-R9", "nmod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-5-S1-T3" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-5-S1-T10" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-R10", "advmod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-5-S1-T10" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-5-S1-T11" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-R11", "punct", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-5-S1-T3" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-5-S1-T12" ] ] ]
    ],
    "comments": [ [ "embedded-5-S1-T1", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T2", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T4", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T5", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T6", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T7", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T8", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T9", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T10", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T11", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T12", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ] ],
    "styles": [ [ "embedded-5-S1-T5", "bgColor", "blue" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T5", "fgColor", "white" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T3", "bgColor", "blue" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T3", "fgColor", "white" ], [ [ "embedded-5-S1-T3", "embedded-5-S1-T5", "dobj" ], "color", "blue" ] ],
    "sentlabels": [ "5" ],
    "text": "Elle y incarnera la Poussette de Manon peu de temps après .",
    "error": false
}

---

dobj in other languages: [bg] [cs] [de] [el] [en] [es] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fr] [ga] [he] [hu] [it] [ja] [ko] [sv] [u]

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