UD for Warlpiri 
Tokenization and Word Segmentation
- In general, words are delimited by whitespace characters. Description of exceptions follows.
- According to typographical rules, many punctuation marks are attached to a neighboring word. We always tokenize them as separate tokens (words).
Morphology
Tags
- The small data sample that is currently available in UD contains only a subset of the universal POS categories. It does not necessarily mean that the other categories do not exist in the language.
- The only auxiliary verb is ka. It indicates the tense and sometimes it has a suffix that cross-references a core argument’s person and number.
- Finite verbs are morphologically distinguished from infinitives.
Nominal Features
- Nominal categories (NOUN, PROPN, PRON) inflect for Number. Besides singular (
Sing) and plural (Plur), there is also dual (Dual) and paucal (Pauc). - Case has 3 syntactic and a number of possible semantic values.
The syntactic cases are ergative (
Erg), dative (Dat), and absolutive (Abs). Nine semantic cases are currently attested in the treebank: locative (Loc), allative (All), elative (Ela), perlative (Per), comitative (Com), instrumental (Ins), causative (Cau), considerative (Cns), genitive/possessive (Gen).
Verbal Features
- Tense has three values:
Past,Pres,Fut. It can be marked on the main verb or on the auxiliary ka.
Pronouns, Determiners, Quantifiers
- Person is a lexical feature of personal pronouns (PRON) and has three values,
1,2and3. Person is not marked on other types of pronouns and on nouns, although they can be almost always interpreted as the 3rd person.- As a cross-reference to subject, person is also marked on finite verbs (VERB, AUX).
- Verbs can also cross-reference arguments other than the subject. In order to distinguish features of different cross-referenced arguments, layered features have been introduced: Person[obj] and Number[obj] are features of the absolutive object. Person[dat] and Person[sdat] refer to a dative argument.
Other Features
- Besides the layered features listed above, there is one other language-specific feature:
Core Arguments, Oblique Arguments and Adjuncts
- Nominal subject (nsubj) is a noun phrase in the ergative case (for two-argument predicates) or in the absolutive (for intransitive predicates).
- The object of a transitive (two-argument) predicate is in the absolutive case.
Relations Overview
- The following relation subtypes are used in Warlpiri:
There is one Warlpiri UD treebank: