This is part of archived UD v1 documentation. See http://universaldependencies.org/ for the current version.
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Negative: whether the word can be or is negated

In Slovenian, negation can be expressed in different ways. Syntactically, it can be marked by using negation particle ne “not”, as in Tega ne vem “I do not know that.” or Šli smo na ne najbolj zanimivo predavanje. “We attended a not too interesting lecture.”, or by using special negated verb form, as in To ni ona. “This is not her.” Morhplogically, negation is marked by prefix ne-, as in nepravičen “unfair”, neželen “unwanted” etc.

In the Slovenian UD Treebank, we currently only mark negation as an inflectional feature of a limited set of verbs and auxiliaries: biti “to be”, imeti “to have”, hoteti “to want”.

Neg: negative

Negative is assigned to negated word forms of verbs biti, imeti, hoteti.

Examples

Pos: positive, affirmative

Positive is assigned to non-negated word forms of verbs biti, imeti, hoteti with identical set of other grammatical features.

Examples

Conversion from JOS

All verbs with feature Negative=no are converted to Negative=Pos and all verbs with feature Negative=yes are converted to Negative=Neg.


Treebank Statistics (UD_Slovenian)

This feature is universal. It occurs with 2 different values: Neg, Pos.

9362 tokens (7%) have a non-empty value of Negative. 92 types (0%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Negative. 4 lemmas (0%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Negative. The feature is used with 2 part-of-speech tags: sl-pos/AUX (6240; 4% instances), sl-pos/VERB (3122; 2% instances).

AUX

6240 sl-pos/AUX tokens (87% of all AUX tokens) have a non-empty value of Negative.

The most frequent other feature values with which AUX and Negative co-occurred: Mood=Ind (6240; 100%), VerbForm=Fin (6240; 100%), Tense=Pres (5426; 87%), Person=3 (5345; 86%), Number=Sing (4202; 67%).

AUX tokens may have the following values of Negative:

Paradigm bitiPosNeg
Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Futbom
Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pressemnisem
Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pressi, asnisi
Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Futbo
Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Presjeni
Number=Dual|Person=1|Tense=Futbova
Number=Dual|Person=1|Tense=Pressvanisva
Number=Dual|Person=2|Tense=Pressta
Number=Dual|Person=3|Tense=Futbosta
Number=Dual|Person=3|Tense=Presstanista
Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Futbomo
Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pressmonismo
Number=Plur|Person=2|Tense=Futboste
Number=Plur|Person=2|Tense=Pressteniste
Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Futbodo, bojo
Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pressoniso

VERB

3122 sl-pos/VERB tokens (18% of all VERB tokens) have a non-empty value of Negative.

The most frequent other feature values with which VERB and Negative co-occurred: Gender=EMPTY (3122; 100%), VerbForm=Fin (3122; 100%), Mood=Ind (3122; 100%), Tense=Pres (2888; 93%), Person=3 (2877; 92%), Aspect=EMPTY (2752; 88%), Number=Sing (2263; 72%).

VERB tokens may have the following values of Negative:

Paradigm bitiPosNeg
Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Futbom
Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pressemnisem
Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Futboš
Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pressinisi
Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Futbo
Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Presjeni
Number=Dual|Person=1|Tense=Pressva
Number=Dual|Person=2|Tense=Futbosta
Number=Dual|Person=3|Tense=Futbosta
Number=Dual|Person=3|Tense=Presstanista
Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Futbomo
Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pressmonismo
Number=Plur|Person=2|Tense=Futboste
Number=Plur|Person=2|Tense=Pressteniste
Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Futbodo
Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pressoniso

Relations with Agreement in Negative

The 10 most frequent relations where parent and child node agree in Negative: AUX –[conj]–> VERB (1; 100%).


Treebank Statistics (UD_Slovenian-SST)

This feature is universal. It occurs with 2 different values: Neg, Pos.

2400 tokens (8%) have a non-empty value of Negative. 45 types (1%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Negative. 4 lemmas (0%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Negative. The feature is used with 2 part-of-speech tags: sl-pos/VERB (1278; 4% instances), sl-pos/AUX (1122; 4% instances).

VERB

1278 sl-pos/VERB tokens (28% of all VERB tokens) have a non-empty value of Negative.

The most frequent other feature values with which VERB and Negative co-occurred: VerbForm=Fin (1278; 100%), Mood=Ind (1278; 100%), Gender=EMPTY (1278; 100%), Tense=Pres (1187; 93%), Aspect=EMPTY (1066; 83%), Person=3 (1021; 80%), Number=Sing (995; 78%).

VERB tokens may have the following values of Negative:

Paradigm bitiPosNeg
Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Futbom
Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pressemnisem
Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Futboš
Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pressinisi
Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Futbo
Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Presjeni
Number=Dual|Person=1|Tense=Futbova
Number=Dual|Person=1|Tense=Pressva
Number=Dual|Person=3|Tense=Futbosta
Number=Dual|Person=3|Tense=Pressta
Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Futbomo
Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pressmonismo
Number=Plur|Person=2|Tense=Pressteniste
Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Futbodo, bojo
Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pressoniso

AUX

1122 sl-pos/AUX tokens (89% of all AUX tokens) have a non-empty value of Negative.

The most frequent other feature values with which AUX and Negative co-occurred: VerbForm=Fin (1122; 100%), Mood=Ind (1122; 100%), Tense=Pres (914; 81%), Number=Sing (755; 67%), Person=3 (634; 57%).

AUX tokens may have the following values of Negative:

Paradigm bitiPosNeg
Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Futbom
Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pressemnisem
Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Futboš
Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pressinisi
Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Futbo
Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Presje, bitini
Number=Dual|Person=1|Tense=Futbova
Number=Dual|Person=1|Tense=Pressvanisva
Number=Dual|Person=3|Tense=Futbosta
Number=Dual|Person=3|Tense=Pressta
Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Futbomo
Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pressmonismo
Number=Plur|Person=2|Tense=Futboste
Number=Plur|Person=2|Tense=Pressteniste
Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Futbodo, bojo
Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pressoniso

Relations with Agreement in Negative

The 10 most frequent relations where parent and child node agree in Negative: VERB –[reparandum]–> VERB (15; 65%), AUX –[reparandum]–> AUX (1; 100%).


Negative in other languages: [bg] [cs] [de] [el] [en] [es] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fr] [ga] [he] [hu] [it] [ja] [ko] [sv] [u]