PRON: pronoun
Pronouns are words that substitute for nouns or noun phrases, whose meaning is recoverable from the linguistic or extralinguistic context.
See also PronType.
Examples
- [kk] мен, сен, ол, біз, сендер, олар, сіз, сіздер “I, you, he/she/it, we, you, they, you (formal), you (formal)” (personal pronouns)
- [kk] өз “self” (reflexive pronoun)
- [kk] бұл, сол, ол, осы, мына (demonstrative pronouns)
- [kk] _кім, не, қайсы” “who, what, which” (interrogative pronouns)
- [kk] TODO (indefinite pronouns)
- [kk] TODO (totality pronouns)
- [kk] TODO (negative pronouns)
Treebank Statistics (UD_Kazakh)
There are 27 PRON lemmas (1%), 82 PRON types (3%) and 237 PRON tokens (4%).
Out of 16 observed tags, the rank of PRON is: 9 in number of lemmas, 6 in number of types and 7 in number of tokens.
The 10 most frequent PRON lemmas: ол, мен, бұл, кім, сен, олар, өз, не, ешкім, сіз
The 10 most frequent PRON types: _, ол, мен, не, олар, оның, бұл, оны, сені, оған
The 10 most frequent ambiguous lemmas: ол (PRON 55, DET 7), мен (CONJ 26, PRON 23), бұл (PRON 18, DET 11), сен (PRON 15, VERB 1), өз (PRON 13, DET 8), не (PRON 12, DET 4, CONJ 2), осы (DET 14, PRON 7), сол (PRON 7, DET 6), қандай (PRON 2, DET 2), бір (NUM 26, DET 14, PRON 1)
The 10 most frequent ambiguous types: _ (AUX 154, PART 76, NOUN 75, ADJ 72, VERB 29, PRON 23, CONJ 13, ADV 7, ADP 7, PROPN 5, NUM 4, PUNCT 1), ол (PRON 8, DET 5), мен (CONJ 20, PRON 3), не (PRON 7, DET 4, CONJ 2), бұл (DET 5, PRON 2), бұ (PRON 1, DET 1), мұндай (PRON 2, DET 1), қандай (PRON 1, DET 1), осы (DET 9, PRON 1)
- _
- AUX 154: Иран — діни _ _ .
- PART 76: Қазірде орыстан оқыған балалардан артық жақсы кісі шыға _ _ тұр .
- NOUN 75: Иран — діни _ _ .
- ADJ 72: Жер беті суы _ _ .
- VERB 29: Құлдық пен құл саудасына , қандай түрде _ _ , тыйым салынады .
- PRON 23: Сіздің атыңыз _ _ ?
- CONJ 13: Ол _ _ , _ _ емес .
- ADV 7: — Бәйбіше _ _ ?
- ADP 7: Неке , тек екі жақтың өзара еркін және толық келісімі _ _ қиылады .
- PROPN 5: Баяғыда біреу той жасапты , тойға көп кісі жиналыпты , _ _ келіпті .
- NUM 4: Қала халқы _ _ .
- PUNCT 1: Халқының ұлттық құрамы : парсылар ( 51% ) , әзірбайжандар ( 27% ) , күрдтер ( 5% ) , арабтар , түрікмендер , белуджилер , армяндар , еврейлер , _ _ _
- ол
- мен
- не
- бұл
- бұ
- мұндай
- қандай
- осы
Morphology
The form / lemma ratio of PRON is 3.037037 (the average of all parts of speech is 1.549647).
The 1st highest number of forms (11) was observed with the lemma “ол”: _, Аның, О, одан, ол, олай, онан, онда, оны, оның, оған.
The 2nd highest number of forms (9) was observed with the lemma “өз”: _, Өзім, өздерінің, өзі, өзіміздің, өзін-өзі, өзінше, өзінің, өзің.
The 3rd highest number of forms (8) was observed with the lemma “бұл”: Бұларды, Мұнымен, Мұның, былай, бұ, бұл, мұнда, мұндай.
PRON occurs with 7 features: kk-feat/PronType (91; 38% instances), kk-feat/Case (89; 38% instances), kk-feat/Number (36; 15% instances), kk-feat/Person (34; 14% instances), kk-feat/Number[psor] (8; 3% instances), kk-feat/Person[psor] (8; 3% instances), kk-feat/Polarity (2; 1% instances)
PRON occurs with 23 feature-value pairs: Case=Abl, Case=Acc, Case=Dat, Case=Gen, Case=Nom, Number=Plur, Number=Sing, Number[psor]=Plur, Number[psor]=Plur,Sing, Number[psor]=Sing, Person=1, Person=2, Person=3, Person[psor]=1, Person[psor]=2, Person[psor]=3, Polarity=Neg, PronType=Dem, PronType=Ind, PronType=Itg, PronType=Prs, PronType=Qnt, PronType=Ref
PRON occurs with 40 feature combinations.
The most frequent feature combination is _ (144 tokens).
Examples: ол, _, мен, олар, не, оның, бұл, одан, оны, Маған
Relations
PRON nodes are attached to their parents using 12 different relations: kk-dep/nsubj (102; 43% instances), kk-dep/nmod (47; 20% instances), kk-dep/dobj (33; 14% instances), kk-dep/nmod:poss (25; 11% instances), kk-dep/root (15; 6% instances), kk-dep/advmod (7; 3% instances), kk-dep/amod (2; 1% instances), kk-dep/parataxis (2; 1% instances), kk-dep/advcl (1; 0% instances), kk-dep/appos (1; 0% instances), kk-dep/ccomp (1; 0% instances), kk-dep/conj (1; 0% instances)
Parents of PRON nodes belong to 9 different parts of speech: VERB (145; 61% instances), NOUN (42; 18% instances), ADJ (22; 9% instances), ROOT (15; 6% instances), PRON (6; 3% instances), PROPN (3; 1% instances), ADV (2; 1% instances), AUX (1; 0% instances), NUM (1; 0% instances)
182 (77%) PRON nodes are leaves.
32 (14%) PRON nodes have one child.
5 (2%) PRON nodes have two children.
18 (8%) PRON nodes have three or more children.
The highest child degree of a PRON node is 5.
Children of PRON nodes are attached using 16 different relations: kk-dep/punct (28; 27% instances), kk-dep/cop (20; 20% instances), kk-dep/case (13; 13% instances), kk-dep/advmod (11; 11% instances), kk-dep/nsubj (10; 10% instances), kk-dep/nmod:poss (6; 6% instances), kk-dep/appos (4; 4% instances), kk-dep/csubj (2; 2% instances), kk-dep/acl:relcl (1; 1% instances), kk-dep/advcl (1; 1% instances), kk-dep/amod (1; 1% instances), kk-dep/dobj (1; 1% instances), kk-dep/nmod (1; 1% instances), kk-dep/parataxis (1; 1% instances), kk-dep/remnant (1; 1% instances), kk-dep/vocative (1; 1% instances)
Children of PRON nodes belong to 10 different parts of speech: PUNCT (24; 24% instances), AUX (17; 17% instances), PART (15; 15% instances), ADP (13; 13% instances), NOUN (13; 13% instances), VERB (9; 9% instances), PRON (6; 6% instances), ADJ (2; 2% instances), NUM (2; 2% instances), PROPN (1; 1% instances)
PRON in other languages: [bg] [cs] [de] [el] [en] [es] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fr] [ga] [he] [hu] [it] [ja] [ko] [sv] [u]