This is part of archived UD v1 documentation. See http://universaldependencies.org/ for the current version.
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AUX: auxiliary verb

In Kazakh, only a closed list of verbs can act as auxiliaries. These are words take part in participle constructions. They are tagged AUX.

The full list of auxiliaries is as follows:

Note: Some of these are ambiguous with lexical verbs.


Treebank Statistics (UD_Kazakh)

There are 20 AUX lemmas (1%), 80 AUX types (3%) and 324 AUX tokens (5%). Out of 16 observed tags, the rank of AUX is: 10 in number of lemmas, 7 in number of types and 5 in number of tokens.

The 10 most frequent AUX lemmas: е, ал, жат, кет, баста, қал, кел, жүр, отыр, бер

The 10 most frequent AUX types: _, бастады, жатыр, екен, кетті, еді, емес, қалды, алды, екенін

The 10 most frequent ambiguous lemmas: е (AUX 174, INTJ 1), ал (VERB 33, AUX 24, CONJ 4, INTJ 1), жат (AUX 19, VERB 3), кет (AUX 18, VERB 8), баста (AUX 15, VERB 11, ADP 1), қал (AUX 14, VERB 6, NOUN 1), кел (VERB 28, AUX 11), жүр (AUX 9, VERB 5), отыр (AUX 9, VERB 2), бер (VERB 26, AUX 8)

The 10 most frequent ambiguous types: _ (AUX 154, PART 76, NOUN 75, ADJ 72, VERB 29, PRON 23, CONJ 13, ADV 7, ADP 7, PROPN 5, NUM 4, PUNCT 1), кетті (AUX 8, VERB 2), емес (AUX 7, PART 2, ADV 1), алды (AUX 4, VERB 2), жатқан (AUX 4, VERB 1), келеді (AUX 4, VERB 3), тұрды (AUX 3, VERB 1), қалады (AUX 3, VERB 2), алдым (AUX 2, VERB 1), берді (VERB 2, AUX 2)

Morphology

The form / lemma ratio of AUX is 4.000000 (the average of all parts of speech is 1.549647).

The 1st highest number of forms (13) was observed with the lemma “ал”: _, ала, алады, алды, алдым, алмады, алмай, алмайды, алмаймын, алмас, алмауда, алып, алғаннан.

The 2nd highest number of forms (8) was observed with the lemma “е”: _, еді, едім, екен, екендіктерін, екенін, емес, еместігіме.

The 3rd highest number of forms (7) was observed with the lemma “кел”: келген__жоқ, келді, келдім, келе, келеді, келмеді, келіп.

AUX occurs with 11 features: kk-feat/Tense (87; 27% instances), kk-feat/Number (84; 26% instances), kk-feat/Person (84; 26% instances), kk-feat/VerbForm (10; 3% instances), kk-feat/Aspect (6; 2% instances), kk-feat/Polarity (6; 2% instances), kk-feat/Evidentiality (4; 1% instances), kk-feat/Case (2; 1% instances), kk-feat/Mood (1; 0% instances), kk-feat/Number[psor] (1; 0% instances), kk-feat/Person[psor] (1; 0% instances)

AUX occurs with 21 feature-value pairs: Aspect=Impf, Aspect=Perf, Case=Dat, Case=Loc, Evidentiality=Fh, Mood=Imper, Number=Plur, Number=Sing, Number[psor]=Plur,Sing, Person=1, Person=2, Person=3, Person[psor]=3, Polarity=Neg, Tense=Aor, Tense=Past, Tense=Prs, VerbForm=Coverb, VerbForm=Ger, VerbForm=Part, VerbForm=Trans

AUX occurs with 21 feature combinations. The most frequent feature combination is _ (229 tokens). Examples: _, бастады, жатыр, емес, алды, еді, екен, екенін, жүр, алмайды

Relations

AUX nodes are attached to their parents using 4 different relations: kk-dep/cop (173; 53% instances), kk-dep/aux (149; 46% instances), kk-dep/advcl (1; 0% instances), kk-dep/dobj (1; 0% instances)

Parents of AUX nodes belong to 7 different parts of speech: VERB (148; 46% instances), ADJ (80; 25% instances), NOUN (64; 20% instances), PRON (17; 5% instances), ADV (10; 3% instances), PROPN (3; 1% instances), NUM (2; 1% instances)

315 (97%) AUX nodes are leaves.

7 (2%) AUX nodes have one child.

1 (0%) AUX nodes have two children.

1 (0%) AUX nodes have three or more children.

The highest child degree of a AUX node is 3.

Children of AUX nodes are attached using 7 different relations: kk-dep/case (3; 25% instances), kk-dep/punct (3; 25% instances), kk-dep/nmod (2; 17% instances), kk-dep/ccomp (1; 8% instances), kk-dep/conj (1; 8% instances), kk-dep/discourse (1; 8% instances), kk-dep/nsubj (1; 8% instances)

Children of AUX nodes belong to 7 different parts of speech: ADP (3; 25% instances), PUNCT (3; 25% instances), PROPN (2; 17% instances), INTJ (1; 8% instances), NOUN (1; 8% instances), PRON (1; 8% instances), VERB (1; 8% instances)


AUX in other languages: [bg] [cs] [de] [el] [en] [es] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fr] [ga] [he] [hu] [it] [ja] [ko] [sv] [u]