aux: auxiliary
An auxiliary of a clause is a form of the auxiliary verb být “to be” used to construct the periphrastic future tense, past tense or conditional.
Exception: Auxiliary verb used to construct the passive
voice is not labeled aux but auxpass.
Note that besides aux and auxpass, the verb být may also act as a copula
and as the main verb.
Přijel jsem včera . \n Arrived I-have yesterday .
aux(Přijel, jsem)
aux(Arrived, I-have)
Zítra budu přednášet na univerzitě . \n Tomorrow I-will give-a-talk at university .
aux(přednášet, budu)
aux(give-a-talk, I-will)
Přišel bych dříve , ale ujel mi vlak . \n Come I-would earlier , but missed my train .
aux(Přišel, bych)
aux(Come, I-would)
Treebank Statistics (UD_Czech)
This relation is universal.
14721 nodes (1%) are attached to their parents as aux.
12993 instances of aux (88%) are right-to-left (child precedes parent).
Average distance between parent and child is 2.37891447591876.
The following 11 pairs of parts of speech are connected with aux: cs-pos/VERB-cs-pos/AUX (13895; 94% instances), cs-pos/ADJ-cs-pos/AUX (527; 4% instances), cs-pos/NOUN-cs-pos/AUX (203; 1% instances), cs-pos/CONJ-cs-pos/AUX (36; 0% instances), cs-pos/PRON-cs-pos/AUX (19; 0% instances), cs-pos/ADV-cs-pos/AUX (18; 0% instances), cs-pos/NUM-cs-pos/AUX (9; 0% instances), cs-pos/PART-cs-pos/AUX (8; 0% instances), cs-pos/PROPN-cs-pos/AUX (3; 0% instances), cs-pos/SCONJ-cs-pos/AUX (2; 0% instances), cs-pos/SYM-cs-pos/AUX (1; 0% instances).
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1 Chci chtít VERB VB-S---1P-AA--- Mood=Ind|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act 0 root _ _
2 uzavřít uzavřít VERB Vf--------A---- Negative=Pos|VerbForm=Inf 1 xcomp _ _
3 pojištění pojištění NOUN NNNS4-----A---- Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing 2 dobj _ LDeriv=pojistit
4 a a CONJ J^------------- _ 1 cc _ LId=a-1
5 dostal dostat VERB VpYS---XR-AA--- Gender=Masc|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act 1 conj _ _
6 jsem být AUX VB-S---1P-AA--- Mood=Ind|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act 5 aux _ _
7 proto proto CONJ J^------------- _ 1 cc _ LId=proto-1|LGloss=(proto;_a_proto,_ale_proto,...)
8 k k ADP RR--3---------- AdpType=Prep|Case=Dat 9 case _ LId=k-1
9 vyplnění vyplnění NOUN NNNS3-----A---- Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing 5 nmod _ LDeriv=vyplnit
10 dotazník dotazník NOUN NNIS4-----A---- Animacy=Inan|Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing 5 dobj _ SpaceAfter=No
11 . . PUNCT Z:------------- _ 1 punct _ _
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1 Jen jen PART TT------------- _ 2 advmod:emph _ LId=jen-1|LGloss=(pouze)
2 cedule cedule NOUN NNFS1-----A---- Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing 5 nsubj _ _
3 by být AUX Vc------------- Mood=Cnd|VerbForm=Fin 5 aux _ _
4 byla být VERB VpQW---XR-AA--- Gender=Fem,Neut|Negative=Pos|Number=Plur,Sing|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act 5 cop _ _
5 jiná jiný ADJ AAFS1----1A---- Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing 0 root _ SpaceAfter=No
6 : : PUNCT Z:------------- _ 8 punct _ _
7 FOR for ADP RR--X---------- AdpType=Prep|Foreign=Foreign 8 foreign _ _
8 RENT rent NOUN NNXXX-----A---- Foreign=Foreign|Negative=Pos 5 appos _ LGloss=(pronájem)
9 ! ! PUNCT Z:------------- _ 8 punct _ _
10 - - PUNCT Z:------------- _ 12 punct _ _
11 K k ADP RR--3---------- AdpType=Prep|Case=Dat 12 case _ LId=k-1
12 PRONÁJMU pronájem NOUN NNIS3-----A---- Animacy=Inan|Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing 8 appos _ _
13 ! ! PUNCT Z:------------- _ 5 punct _ _
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1 Byl být VERB VpYS---XR-AA--- Gender=Masc|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act 6 cop _ _
2 by být AUX Vc------------- Mood=Cnd|VerbForm=Fin 6 aux _ _
3 to ten PRON PDNS1---------- Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 6 nsubj _ _
4 patrně patrně ADV Dg-------1A---- Degree=Pos|Negative=Pos 6 advmod _ LDeriv=patrný
5 cenový cenový ADJ AAIS1----1A---- Animacy=Inan|Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing 6 amod _ _
6 výbuch výbuch NOUN NNIS1-----A---- Animacy=Inan|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing 0 root _ SpaceAfter=No
7 . . PUNCT Z:------------- _ 6 punct _ _
Treebank Statistics (UD_Czech-CAC)
This relation is universal.
3611 nodes (1%) are attached to their parents as aux.
3208 instances of aux (89%) are right-to-left (child precedes parent).
Average distance between parent and child is 2.54167820548325.
The following 17 pairs of parts of speech are connected with aux: cs-pos/VERB-cs-pos/AUX (3324; 92% instances), cs-pos/ADJ-cs-pos/AUX (182; 5% instances), cs-pos/NOUN-cs-pos/AUX (56; 2% instances), cs-pos/SYM-cs-pos/AUX (12; 0% instances), cs-pos/ADV-cs-pos/AUX (10; 0% instances), cs-pos/PRON-cs-pos/AUX (7; 0% instances), cs-pos/CONJ-cs-pos/AUX (5; 0% instances), cs-pos/VERB-cs-pos/SYM (4; 0% instances), cs-pos/NUM-cs-pos/AUX (2; 0% instances), cs-pos/PART-cs-pos/AUX (2; 0% instances), cs-pos/ADJ-cs-pos/NUM (1; 0% instances), cs-pos/NOUN-cs-pos/SCONJ (1; 0% instances), cs-pos/NOUN-cs-pos/VERB (1; 0% instances), cs-pos/VERB-cs-pos/ADV (1; 0% instances), cs-pos/VERB-cs-pos/NUM (1; 0% instances), cs-pos/VERB-cs-pos/PRON (1; 0% instances), cs-pos/VERB-cs-pos/VERB (1; 0% instances).
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1 Zvýšené zvýšený ADJ AANS4----1A---- Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing 2 amod _ LDeriv=zvýšit
2 úsilí úsilí NOUN NNNS4-----A---- Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing 4 dobj _ _
3 budeme být AUX VB-P---1F-AA--- Mood=Ind|Negative=Pos|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act 4 aux _ _
4 věnovat věnovat VERB Vf--------A---- Aspect=Imp|Negative=Pos|VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _
5 zavádění zavádění NOUN NNNS3-----A---- Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing 4 iobj _ LDeriv=zavádět
6 nových nový ADJ AAIP2----1A---- Animacy=Inan|Case=Gen|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Negative=Pos|Number=Plur 7 amod _ _
7 poznatků poznatek NOUN NNIP2-----A---- Animacy=Inan|Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Negative=Pos|Number=Plur 5 nmod _ _
8 do do ADP RR--2---------- AdpType=Prep|Case=Gen 9 case _ LId=do-1
9 praxe praxe NOUN NNFS2-----A---- Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing 5 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No
10 . . PUNCT Z:------------- _ 4 punct _ _
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1 Byli být VERB VpMP---XR-AA--- Animacy=Anim|Gender=Masc|Negative=Pos|Number=Plur|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act 5 cop _ _
2 jsme být AUX VB-P---1P-AA--- Mood=Ind|Negative=Pos|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act 5 aux _ _
3 až až PART TT------------- _ 4 advmod _ LId=až-3|LGloss=(až_k_...,_až_dost)
4 dosud dosud ADV Db------------- _ 5 advmod _ _
5 spokojeni spokojený ADJ ACMP------A---- Animacy=Anim|Gender=Masc|Negative=Pos|Number=Plur|Variant=Short 0 root _ _
6 s s ADP RR--7---------- AdpType=Prep|Case=Ins 7 case _ LId=s-1
7 jakostí jakost NOUN NNFS7-----A---- Case=Ins|Gender=Fem|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing 5 dobj _ _
8 každé každý ADJ AAFS2----1A---- Case=Gen|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing 10 amod _ _
9 Vaší tvůj DET PSFS2-P2------- Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Number[psor]=Plur|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 10 det _ LGloss=(přivlast.)
10 dodávky dodávka NOUN NNFS2-----A---- Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing 7 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No
11 . . PUNCT Z:------------- _ 5 punct _ _
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# visual-style 4 2 aux color:blue
1 To ten PRON PDNS1---------- Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 4 nsubj _ _
2 by být AUX Vc-X---3------- Mood=Cnd|Person=3|VerbForm=Fin 4 aux _ _
3 byla být VERB VpQW---XR-AA--- Gender=Fem,Neut|Negative=Pos|Number=Plur,Sing|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act 4 cop _ _
4 tragédie tragedie NOUN NNFS1-----A---- Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing 0 root _ SpaceAfter=No
5 . . PUNCT Z:------------- _ 4 punct _ _
Treebank Statistics (UD_Czech-CLTT)
This relation is universal.
41 nodes (0%) are attached to their parents as aux.
39 instances of aux (95%) are right-to-left (child precedes parent).
Average distance between parent and child is 4.95121951219512.
The following 3 pairs of parts of speech are connected with aux: cs-pos/VERB-cs-pos/AUX (34; 83% instances), cs-pos/ADJ-cs-pos/AUX (4; 10% instances), cs-pos/VERB-cs-pos/VERB (3; 7% instances).
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1 Ostatní ostatní ADJ AAFP1----1A---- Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Negative=Pos|Number=Plur 3 amod _ _
2 účetní účetní ADJ AAFP1----1A---- Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Negative=Pos|Number=Plur 3 amod _ LId=účetní-1
3 jednotky jednotka NOUN NNFP1-----A---- Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Negative=Pos|Number=Plur 4 nsubj _ _
4 stanoví stanovit VERB VB-P---3P-AA--- Mood=Ind|Negative=Pos|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act 0 root _ SpaceAfter=No
5 , , PUNCT Z:------------- _ 8 punct _ _
6 zda zda SCONJ J,------------- _ 8 mark _ _
7 budou být AUX VB-P---3F-AA--- Mood=Ind|Negative=Pos|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act 8 aux _ _
8 účtovat účtovat VERB Vf--------A---- Negative=Pos|VerbForm=Inf 4 ccomp _ _
9 o o ADP RR--6---------- AdpType=Prep|Case=Loc 11 case _ LId=o-1
10 odložené odložený ADJ AAFS6----1A---- Case=Loc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing 11 amod _ _
11 dani daň NOUN NNFS6-----A---- Case=Loc|Gender=Fem|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing 8 dobj _ _
12 a a CONJ J^------------- _ 8 cc _ LId=a-1
13 vykazovat vykazovat VERB Vf--------A---- Negative=Pos|VerbForm=Inf 8 conj _ _
14 ji on PRON PPFS4--3------- Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 13 dobj _ SpaceAfter=No|LId=on-1
15 . . PUNCT Z:------------- _ 4 punct _ _
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1 (3) (3) PUNCT Z:------------- _ 4 punct _ _
2 Opravy oprava NOUN NNFP1-----A---- Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Negative=Pos|Number=Plur 4 nsubjpass _ _
3 se se PRON P7-X4---------- Case=Acc|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes|Variant=Short 4 auxpass:reflex _ _
4 musí muset VERB VB-P---3P-AA--1 Mood=Ind|Negative=Pos|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act 0 root _ _
5 provádět provádět VERB Vf--------A---- Negative=Pos|VerbForm=Inf 4 xcomp _ _
6 tak tak ADV Db------------- _ 5 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No|LId=tak-3
7 , , PUNCT Z:------------- _ 11 punct _ _
8 aby aby SCONJ J,------------- _ 11 mark _ _
9 by být AUX Vc------------- Mood=Cnd|Person=3|VerbForm=Fin 11 aux _ _
10 bylo být VERB VpNS---XR-AA--- Gender=Neut|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act 11 cop _ _
11 možno možný ADJ ACNS------A---- Gender=Neut|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing|Variant=Short 5 advcl _ _
12 určit určit VERB Vf--------A---- Negative=Pos|VerbForm=Inf 11 csubj _ _
13 osobu osoba NOUN NNFS4-----A---- Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing 12 dobj _ _
14 odpovědnou odpovědný ADJ AAFS4----1A---- Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing 13 amod _ _
15 za za ADP RR--4---------- AdpType=Prep|Case=Acc 16 case _ LId=za-1
16 provedení provedení NOUN NNNS4-----A---- Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing 14 dobj _ _
17 každé každý ADJ AAFS2----1A---- Case=Gen|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing 18 amod _ _
18 opravy oprava NOUN NNFS2-----A---- Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing 16 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No
19 , , PUNCT Z:------------- _ 13 punct _ _
20 okamžik okamžik NOUN NNIS4-----A---- Animacy=Inan|Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing 13 conj _ _
21 jejího jeho DET PSZS2FS3------- Case=Gen|Gender=Masc,Neut|Gender[psor]=Fem|Number=Sing|Number[psor]=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 22 det _ _
22 provedení provedení NOUN NNNS2-----A---- Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing 20 nmod _ _
23 a a CONJ J^------------- _ 12 cc _ LId=a-1
24 zjistit zjistit VERB Vf--------A---- Negative=Pos|VerbForm=Inf 12 conj _ _
25 jak jak ADV Db------------- _ 26 cc _ LId=jak-3
26 obsah obsah NOUN NNIS4-----A---- Animacy=Inan|Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing 24 dobj _ _
27 opravovaného opravovaný ADJ AAIS2----1A---- Animacy=Inan|Case=Gen|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing 29 amod _ _
28 účetního účetní ADJ AAIS2----1A---- Animacy=Inan|Case=Gen|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing 29 amod _ LId=účetní-1
29 záznamu záznam NOUN NNIS2-----A---- Animacy=Inan|Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing 26 nmod _ _
30 před před ADP RR--7---------- AdpType=Prep|Case=Ins 31 case _ LId=před-1
31 opravou oprava NOUN NNFS7-----A---- Case=Ins|Gender=Fem|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing 29 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No
32 , , PUNCT Z:------------- _ 26 punct _ _
33 tak tak ADV Db------------- _ 26 cc _ LId=tak-3
34 jeho jeho DET PSXXXZS3------- Gender[psor]=Masc,Neut|Number[psor]=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 35 det _ _
35 obsah obsah NOUN NNIS4-----A---- Animacy=Inan|Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing 26 conj _ _
36 po po ADP RR--6---------- AdpType=Prep|Case=Loc 37 case _ LId=po-1
37 opravě oprava NOUN NNFS6-----A---- Case=Loc|Gender=Fem|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing 35 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No
38 . . PUNCT Z:------------- _ 4 punct _ _
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# visual-style 6 26 aux color:blue
1 1 1 NUM C}------------- NumForm=Roman|NumType=Card 6 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No
2 . . PUNCT Z:------------- _ 1 punct _ _
3 Ustanovení ustanovení NOUN NNNS4-----A---- Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing 6 dobj _ _
4 této tento DET PDFS2---------- Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 5 det _ _
5 vyhlášky vyhláška NOUN NNFS2-----A---- Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing 3 nmod _ _
6 použijí použít VERB VB-P---3P-AA--1 Mood=Ind|Negative=Pos|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act 0 root _ _
7 účetní účetní ADJ AAFP1----1A---- Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Negative=Pos|Number=Plur 8 amod _ LId=účetní-1
8 jednotky jednotka NOUN NNFP1-----A---- Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Negative=Pos|Number=Plur 6 nsubj _ _
9 poprvé poprvé ADV Cv------------- NumType=Ord 6 advmod _ _
10 v v ADP RR--6---------- AdpType=Prep|Case=Loc 12 case _ LId=v-1
11 účetních účetní ADJ AANP6----1A---- Case=Loc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Negative=Pos|Number=Plur 12 amod _ LId=účetní-1
12 obdobích období NOUN NNNP6-----A---- Case=Loc|Gender=Neut|Negative=Pos|Number=Plur 6 nmod _ _
13 započatých započatý ADJ AANP6----1A---- Case=Loc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Negative=Pos|Number=Plur 12 amod _ _
14 1 1 NUM C}------------- NumForm=Roman|NumType=Card 16 nummod _ SpaceAfter=No
15 . . PUNCT Z:------------- _ 14 punct _ _
16 ledna leden NOUN NNIS2-----A---- Animacy=Inan|Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing 13 nmod _ _
17 2008 2008 NUM C}------------- NumForm=Roman|NumType=Card 16 nummod _ _
18 a a CONJ J^------------- _ 16 cc _ LId=a-1
19 později pozdě ADV Dg-------2A---- Degree=Cmp|Negative=Pos 16 conj _ SpaceAfter=No
20 , , PUNCT Z:------------- _ 26 punct _ _
21 pokud pokud SCONJ J,------------- _ 26 mark _ _
22 není být AUX VB-S---3P-AA--- Mood=Ind|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act 26 cop _ _
23 v v ADP RR--6---------- AdpType=Prep|Case=Loc 26 mark _ LId=v-1
24 bodě bod NOUN NNIS6-----A---- Animacy=Inan|Case=Loc|Gender=Masc|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing 26 nmod _ _
25 3 3 NUM C}------------- NumForm=Roman|NumType=Card 24 nummod _ _
26 stanoveno stanovit VERB VsNS---XX-AP--- Gender=Neut|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 6 aux _ _
27 jinak jinak ADV Db------------- _ 26 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No
28 . . PUNCT Z:------------- _ 6 punct _ _
aux in other languages: [bg] [cs] [de] [el] [en] [es] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fr] [ga] [he] [hu] [it] [ja] [ko] [sv] [u]