home edit page issue tracker

This page still pertains to UD version 1.

Sandbox

This file is intended as a “sandbox” for trying out the editing features. Feel free to make changes by clicking the “edit page” link at the top. (You need to be a project member and logged in to GitHub for this to work.)

(Please note: this page is public and shared with others, and its contents will be regularly reset. Don’t store anything you want to keep here.)


Some markdown

  1. numbered
  2. list

Link: link text

header 1

header 2

header 3

header 4

italics and bold

inline code


Some visualizations

Just some tokens
Tokens/Noun with/Adpos POS/Noun
A dependency
det(dependency, A)
Alternative syntax
Dynamic visualization (click "edit!")
Example with error
det(no-such, token)

CoNLL-U example

1 Εγώ εγώ PRON PRN Num=Sing|Per=1 2 nsubj _ _ 2-3 haven't _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 2 have have VERB VB Tens=Pres 0 root _ _ 3 not not ADV RB _ 2 neg _ _ 4 a a DET DT _ 5 det _ _ 5 clue clue NOUN NN Num=Sing 2 dobj _ _ 6 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _

Enhanced depencies

Let’s use red for enhanced-only, blue for basic-only and black for basic&enhanced dependencies:

# visual-style 4 5 ref color:red # visual-style 6 4 nmod:poss color:red # visual-style 6 5 nmod:poss color:blue 1 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj _ _ 2 saw see VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 man man NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 dobj 6:nmod:poss _ 5 whose whose PRON WP$ Poss=Yes|PronType=Int 6 nmod:poss 4:ref _ 6 mother mother NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 nsubj _ _ 7 become become VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 4 acl:relcl _ _ 8 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 9 pirate pirate NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 xcomp _ SpaceAfter=No 10 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _

For shorter sentences we can use side-by-side view (this may be clearer, especially if empty nodes are introduced):

BasicEnhanced
# visual-style 5 6 remnant color:blue # visual-style 2 5 conj color:blue 1 I I _ _ _ 2 nsubj _ _ 2 like like _ _ _ 0 root _ _ 3 tea tea _ _ _ 2 obj _ _ 4 and and _ _ _ 5 cc _ _ 5 you you _ _ _ 2 conj _ _ 6 rum rum _ _ _ 5 remnant _ _ 7 . . _ _ _ 2 punct _ _
# visual-style 6 7 obj color:red # visual-style 6 5 nsubj color:red # visual-style 2 6 conj color:red 1 I _ _ _ _ 2 nsubj _ _ 2 like _ _ _ _ 0 root _ _ 3 tea _ _ _ _ 2 obj _ _ 4 and _ _ _ _ 5 cc _ _ 5 you _ _ _ _ 6 nsubj _ _ 6 E5.1 _ _ _ _ 2 conj _ _ 7 rum _ _ _ _ 6 obj _ _ 8 . _ _ _ _ 2 punct _ _

Foreign examples

Two sentences can be used to show the English translation of a foreign example:

# give the toys to the children
1 donner donner VERB _ VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ give
2 les le DET _ Definite=Def|Number=Plur 3 det _ the
3 jouets jouet NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 1 dobj _ toys
4-5 aux _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
4 à à ADP _ _ 6 case _ to
5 les le DET _ Definite=Def|Number=Plur 6 det _ the
6 enfants enfant NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 1 nmod _ children

# now the parallel English tree
1 give donner VERB _ VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ give
2 the le DET _ Definite=Def|Number=Plur 3 det _ the
3 toys jouet NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 1 dobj _ toys
4 to à ADP _ _ 6 case _ to
5 the le DET _ Definite=Def|Number=Plur 6 det _ the
6 children enfant NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 1 nmod _ children

Simplified syntax + sentence label

# sentence-label long-label
1     I         I        PRON    PRN      Num=Sing|Per=1     2      nsubj _ _
2     have      have     VERB    VB       Tens=Pres          0      root _ _

Right-to-left text (Hebrew)

Aדני/NOUN Aראה/VERB Aסרט/NOUN
nsubj(Aראה, Aדני)
dobj(Aראה, Aסרט)

Same without “A” (should trigger auto-insertion of “ˑ”)

דני/NOUN ראה/VERB סרט/NOUN
nsubj(ראה, דני)
dobj(ראה, סרט)

Same sentence in CoNLL-U:

1     ˑדניˑ       _        NOUN    _      _     2      nsubj _ _
2     ˑראהˑ       _        VERB    _      _     0      root  _ _
3     ˑסרטˑ       _        NOUN    _      _     2      dobj  _ _

Without literal “ˑ” in input (should trigger auto-insertion)

1     דני       _        NOUN    _      _     2      nsubj _ _
2     ראה       _        VERB    _      _     0      root  _ _
3     סרט       _        NOUN    _      _     2      dobj  _ _

Does Arabic work as well?

1     ˑوَˑ       _        NOUN    _      _     2      nsubj _ _
2     ˑلاحَظَˑ       _        VERB    _      _     0      root  _ _
3     ˑالتَقْرِيرُˑ       _        NOUN    _      _     2      dobj  _ _

Without literal “ˑ” in input (should trigger auto-insertion)

1     وَ       _        NOUN    _      _     2      nsubj _ _
2     لاحَظَ       _        VERB    _      _     0      root  _ _
3     التَقْرِيرُ       _        NOUN    _      _     2      dobj  _ _
1     ‎דני       _        NOUN    _      _     2      nsubj _ _
2     ‎ראה       _        VERB    _      _     0      root  _ _
3     ‎סרט       _        NOUN    _      _     2      dobj  _ _

Some Jekyll

Finnish documentation for relations containing “cop”

Finnish documentation for relations with tag “case”


Irish example

1	Eisean	eisean	PRON	PRON	_	0	ROOT	_	_
2	a	a	PART	PART	_	3	mark:prt	_	_
3	thug	tabhair	VERB	VERB	_	1	nsubj	_	_
4	chuig	chuig	ADP	ADP	_	3	case	_	_
5	an	an	DET	DET	_	6	det	_	_
6	mbád	bád	NOUN	NOUN	_	4	nmod	_	_
7	mé	mé	PRON	PRON	_	3	dobj	_	_
8	arú	arú	ADV	ADV	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	aréir	aréir	ADV	ADV	_	3	advmod	_	_
10	.	.	PUNCT	PUNCT	_	1	punct	_	_

German

Alles hat ein Ende , nur die Wurst hat zwei .
nsubj(hat-2,Alles)
obj(hat-2,Ende)
det(Ende,ein)
nsubj(hat-9,Wurst)
obj(hat-9,zwei)
det(Wurst,die)
advmod(hat-9,nur)
parataxis(hat-2,hat-9)

Test for #363

# visual-style 6 7 obj color:red
# visual-style 5.1 5 nsubj color:red
# visual-style 2 5.1 conj color:red
# visual-style 5 6 remnant color:blue
# visual-style 2 5 conj color:blue
1   I    _ _ _ _ 2 nsubj   _  _
2   like _ _ _ _ 0 root    _  _
3   tea  _ _ _ _ 2 obj     _  _
4   and  _ _ _ _ 5 cc      _  _
5   you  _ _ _ _ 2 conj    5.1:nsubj  _
5.1 E5.1 _ _ _ _ _ _       2:conj _
6   rum  _ _ _ _ 5 remnant 5.1:obj _
7   .    _ _ _ _ 2 punct   _  _

Empty node test with full tree in DEPS

1	Sue	Sue	PROPN	_	_	2	nsubj	2:nsubj	_
2	likes	like	VERB	_	_	0	root	0:root	_
3	coffee	coffee	NOUN	_	_	2	obj	2:obj	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	_	5	cc	5:cc	_
5	Bill	a	PROPN	_	_	2	conj	5.1:nsubj	_
5.1	likes	like	VERB	_	_	_	_	2:conj	_
6	tea	tea	NOUN	_	_	5	orphan	5.1:obj	_

Simpler

1	This	this	PRON	_	_	2	orphan	2:nsubj	_
1.1	is	is	VERB	_	_	_	_	2:cop	_
2	valid	valid	ADJ	_	_	0	root	0:root	_

Enhanced dependencies experiments

“Il governo sono io, non Walesa e presto vedrò il leader sovietico”

# visual-style 5 11 nsubj color:red # visual-style 8 3 nsubj color:red 1 " " PUNCT FB _ 3 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 2 Il il DET RD Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 3 governo governo NOUN S Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 4 sono essere AUX V Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 cop _ _ 5 io io PRON PE Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj 11:nsubj Propagate=Yes|SpaceAfter=No 6 , , PUNCT FF _ 7 punct _ _ 7 non non ADV BN PronType=Neg 8 advmod _ _ 8 Walesa Walesa PROPN SP _ 5 conj 3:nsubj _ 9 e e CCONJ CC _ 11 cc _ _ 10 presto presto ADV B _ 11 advmod _ _ 11 vedrò vedere VERB V Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 12 il il DET RD Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art 13 det _ _ 13 leader leader NOUN S Gender=Masc 11 obj _ _ 14 sovietico sovietico ADJ A Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 13 amod _ SpaceAfter=No 15 " " PUNCT FB _ 3 punct _ SpaceAfter=No

Test for LT

The ‘root’ grammatical relation points to the root of the sentence. A fake node ‘ROOT’ is used as the governor. There should only be one node with the root dependency relation in every tree.

The root of a sentence is the predicate of the main clause. The root of a sentence may be a verb, a nominal in a copular construction, a predicate adjective, or a predicate participle.

ROOT Mes kalbėjome apie planus . \n ROOT We talked about plans .
root(ROOT-1, kalbėjome)
root(ROOT-8, talked)
ROOT Berlynas yra Vokietijos sostinė . \n ROOT Berlin is the-capital of-Germany .
root(ROOT-1, sostinė)
root(ROOT-8, the-capital)
ROOT Kelionė įdomi . \n ROOT The-journey is-interesting .
root(ROOT-1, įdomi)
root(ROOT-6, is-interesting)
ROOT Visa šeima yra išvykusi . \n ROOT All family is away .
root(ROOT-1, išvykusi)
root(ROOT-8, away)

If a verbal predicate consists of a conjugated verb form (typically of the modal verbs galėti (can) and turėti (have to)) together with an infinitive (e.g., galime padaryti (we can make it), turėjo ateiti (had to come)) or with an infinitive and a participle, the root of the predicate is considered to be the modal verb (e.g., norėjo (wanted); gali (can)).

ROOT Jis norėjo pasitarti . \n ROOT He wanted to-consult .
root(ROOT-1, norėjo)
root(ROOT-7, wanted)
ROOT Procedūra gali būti tęsiama . \n ROOT The-procedure can be continued .
root(ROOT-1, gali)
root(ROOT-8, can)

If a simple sentence contains compound predicates, the root is considered to be the first predicate, i.e., the left most one.

ROOT Šuo lojo ir šiepė dantis . \n ROOT The-dog barked and bared its-teeth .
root(ROOT-1, lojo)
root(ROOT-9, barked)

In a complex sentence with subordination, the root is considered to be the predicate of the main clause.

ROOT Aš supratau , kad nespėsiu . \n ROOT I understood that I-wouldn't-make-it .
root(ROOT-1, supratau)
root(ROOT-8, understood)

In a compound sentence with coordination or asyndeton (no conjunction), the root is considered to be the leftmost predicate.

ROOT Dėstytojas kalba , o studentai klauso . \n ROOT The-lecturer speaks , and the-students listen .
root(ROOT-1, kalba)
root(ROOT-10, speaks)
ROOT Dėstytojas kalba , studentai klauso . \n ROOT The-lecturer speaks , the-students listen .
root(ROOT-1, kalba)
root(ROOT-9, speaks)