Sandbox
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Some markdown
- bulleted
- list
- numbered
- list
Link: link text
header 1
header 2
header 3
header 4
italics and bold
inline code
Some visualizations
Just some tokens
Tokens/Noun with/Adpos POS/Noun
A dependency
det(dependency, A)
Example with error
det(no-such, token)
CoNLL-U example
Enhanced depencies
Let’s use red for enhanced-only, blue for basic-only and black for basic&enhanced dependencies:
For shorter sentences we can use side-by-side view (this may be clearer, especially if empty nodes are introduced):
| Basic | Enhanced |
|---|---|
|
# visual-style 5 6 remnant color:blue
# visual-style 2 5 conj color:blue
1 I I _ _ _ 2 nsubj _ _
2 like like _ _ _ 0 root _ _
3 tea tea _ _ _ 2 obj _ _
4 and and _ _ _ 5 cc _ _
5 you you _ _ _ 2 conj _ _
6 rum rum _ _ _ 5 remnant _ _
7 . . _ _ _ 2 punct _ _
|
# visual-style 6 7 obj color:red
# visual-style 6 5 nsubj color:red
# visual-style 2 6 conj color:red
1 I _ _ _ _ 2 nsubj _ _
2 like _ _ _ _ 0 root _ _
3 tea _ _ _ _ 2 obj _ _
4 and _ _ _ _ 5 cc _ _
5 you _ _ _ _ 6 nsubj _ _
6 E5.1 _ _ _ _ 2 conj _ _
7 rum _ _ _ _ 6 obj _ _
8 . _ _ _ _ 2 punct _ _
|
Foreign examples
Two sentences can be used to show the English translation of a foreign example:
# give the toys to the children
1 donner donner VERB _ VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ give
2 les le DET _ Definite=Def|Number=Plur 3 det _ the
3 jouets jouet NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 1 dobj _ toys
4-5 aux _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
4 à à ADP _ _ 6 case _ to
5 les le DET _ Definite=Def|Number=Plur 6 det _ the
6 enfants enfant NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 1 nmod _ children
# now the parallel English tree
1 give donner VERB _ VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ give
2 the le DET _ Definite=Def|Number=Plur 3 det _ the
3 toys jouet NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 1 dobj _ toys
4 to à ADP _ _ 6 case _ to
5 the le DET _ Definite=Def|Number=Plur 6 det _ the
6 children enfant NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 1 nmod _ children
Simplified syntax + sentence label
# sentence-label long-label
1 I I PRON PRN Num=Sing|Per=1 2 nsubj _ _
2 have have VERB VB Tens=Pres 0 root _ _
Right-to-left text (Hebrew)
Aדני/NOUN Aראה/VERB Aסרט/NOUN
nsubj(Aראה, Aדני)
dobj(Aראה, Aסרט)
Same without “A” (should trigger auto-insertion of “ˑ”)
דני/NOUN ראה/VERB סרט/NOUN
nsubj(ראה, דני)
dobj(ראה, סרט)
Same sentence in CoNLL-U:
1 ˑדניˑ _ NOUN _ _ 2 nsubj _ _
2 ˑראהˑ _ VERB _ _ 0 root _ _
3 ˑסרטˑ _ NOUN _ _ 2 dobj _ _
Without literal “ˑ” in input (should trigger auto-insertion)
1 דני _ NOUN _ _ 2 nsubj _ _
2 ראה _ VERB _ _ 0 root _ _
3 סרט _ NOUN _ _ 2 dobj _ _
Does Arabic work as well?
1 ˑوَˑ _ NOUN _ _ 2 nsubj _ _
2 ˑلاحَظَˑ _ VERB _ _ 0 root _ _
3 ˑالتَقْرِيرُˑ _ NOUN _ _ 2 dobj _ _
Without literal “ˑ” in input (should trigger auto-insertion)
1 وَ _ NOUN _ _ 2 nsubj _ _
2 لاحَظَ _ VERB _ _ 0 root _ _
3 التَقْرِيرُ _ NOUN _ _ 2 dobj _ _
1 דני _ NOUN _ _ 2 nsubj _ _
2 ראה _ VERB _ _ 0 root _ _
3 סרט _ NOUN _ _ 2 dobj _ _
Some Jekyll
Finnish documentation for relations containing “cop”
Finnish documentation for relations with tag “case”
Irish example
1 Eisean eisean PRON PRON _ 0 ROOT _ _
2 a a PART PART _ 3 mark:prt _ _
3 thug tabhair VERB VERB _ 1 nsubj _ _
4 chuig chuig ADP ADP _ 3 case _ _
5 an an DET DET _ 6 det _ _
6 mbád bád NOUN NOUN _ 4 nmod _ _
7 mé mé PRON PRON _ 3 dobj _ _
8 arú arú ADV ADV _ 9 advmod _ _
9 aréir aréir ADV ADV _ 3 advmod _ _
10 . . PUNCT PUNCT _ 1 punct _ _
German
Alles hat ein Ende , nur die Wurst hat zwei .
nsubj(hat-2,Alles)
obj(hat-2,Ende)
det(Ende,ein)
nsubj(hat-9,Wurst)
obj(hat-9,zwei)
det(Wurst,die)
advmod(hat-9,nur)
parataxis(hat-2,hat-9)
Test for #363
# visual-style 6 7 obj color:red
# visual-style 5.1 5 nsubj color:red
# visual-style 2 5.1 conj color:red
# visual-style 5 6 remnant color:blue
# visual-style 2 5 conj color:blue
1 I _ _ _ _ 2 nsubj _ _
2 like _ _ _ _ 0 root _ _
3 tea _ _ _ _ 2 obj _ _
4 and _ _ _ _ 5 cc _ _
5 you _ _ _ _ 2 conj 5.1:nsubj _
5.1 E5.1 _ _ _ _ _ _ 2:conj _
6 rum _ _ _ _ 5 remnant 5.1:obj _
7 . _ _ _ _ 2 punct _ _
Empty node test with full tree in DEPS
1 Sue Sue PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj 2:nsubj _
2 likes like VERB _ _ 0 root 0:root _
3 coffee coffee NOUN _ _ 2 obj 2:obj _
4 and and CCONJ _ _ 5 cc 5:cc _
5 Bill a PROPN _ _ 2 conj 5.1:nsubj _
5.1 likes like VERB _ _ _ _ 2:conj _
6 tea tea NOUN _ _ 5 orphan 5.1:obj _
Simpler
1 This this PRON _ _ 2 orphan 2:nsubj _
1.1 is is VERB _ _ _ _ 2:cop _
2 valid valid ADJ _ _ 0 root 0:root _
Enhanced dependencies experiments
“Il governo sono io, non Walesa e presto vedrò il leader sovietico”
Test for LT
The ‘root’ grammatical relation points to the root of the sentence. A fake node ‘ROOT’ is used as the governor. There should only be one node with the root dependency relation in every tree.
The root of a sentence is the predicate of the main clause. The root of a sentence may be a verb, a nominal in a copular construction, a predicate adjective, or a predicate participle.
ROOT Mes kalbėjome apie planus . \n ROOT We talked about plans .
root(ROOT-1, kalbėjome)
root(ROOT-8, talked)
ROOT Berlynas yra Vokietijos sostinė . \n ROOT Berlin is the-capital of-Germany .
root(ROOT-1, sostinė)
root(ROOT-8, the-capital)
ROOT Kelionė įdomi . \n ROOT The-journey is-interesting .
root(ROOT-1, įdomi)
root(ROOT-6, is-interesting)
ROOT Visa šeima yra išvykusi . \n ROOT All family is away .
root(ROOT-1, išvykusi)
root(ROOT-8, away)
If a verbal predicate consists of a conjugated verb form (typically of the modal verbs galėti (can) and turėti (have to)) together with an infinitive (e.g., galime padaryti (we can make it), turėjo ateiti (had to come)) or with an infinitive and a participle, the root of the predicate is considered to be the modal verb (e.g., norėjo (wanted); gali (can)).
ROOT Jis norėjo pasitarti . \n ROOT He wanted to-consult .
root(ROOT-1, norėjo)
root(ROOT-7, wanted)
ROOT Procedūra gali būti tęsiama . \n ROOT The-procedure can be continued .
root(ROOT-1, gali)
root(ROOT-8, can)
If a simple sentence contains compound predicates, the root is considered to be the first predicate, i.e., the left most one.
ROOT Šuo lojo ir šiepė dantis . \n ROOT The-dog barked and bared its-teeth .
root(ROOT-1, lojo)
root(ROOT-9, barked)
In a complex sentence with subordination, the root is considered to be the predicate of the main clause.
ROOT Aš supratau , kad nespėsiu . \n ROOT I understood that I-wouldn't-make-it .
root(ROOT-1, supratau)
root(ROOT-8, understood)
In a compound sentence with coordination or asyndeton (no conjunction), the root is considered to be the leftmost predicate.
ROOT Dėstytojas kalba , o studentai klauso . \n ROOT The-lecturer speaks , and the-students listen .
root(ROOT-1, kalba)
root(ROOT-10, speaks)
ROOT Dėstytojas kalba , studentai klauso . \n ROOT The-lecturer speaks , the-students listen .
root(ROOT-1, kalba)
root(ROOT-9, speaks)