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This page pertains to UD version 2.

English Dependency Relations

The following table lists the 37 universal syntactic relations used in UD v2, but links to English-specific documentation (if available).

Note: The universal relation clf is not used in English.

Core dependents of clausal predicates
Nominal dep Predicate dep
nsubj csubj
↳nsubj:pass ↳csubj:pass
↳nsubj:outer ↳csubj:outer
obj ccomp xcomp
iobj
Non-core dependents of clausal predicates
Nominal dep Predicate dep Modifier word
obl advcl advmod
↳obl:agent ↳advcl:relcl
↳obl:unmarked
Special clausal dependents
Nominal dep Auxiliary Other
vocative aux mark
discourse ↳aux:pass
expl cop
Noun dependents
Nominal dep Predicate dep Modifier word
nummod acl amod
  ↳acl:relcl
appos   det
    ↳det:predet
nmod    
↳nmod:desc
↳nmod:poss
↳nmod:unmarked
Compounding and unanalyzed
compound flat
↳compound:prt ↳flat:foreign*
fixed goeswith
Coordination
conj cc
  ↳cc:preconj
Case-marking, prepositions, possessive
case
Loose joining relations
list parataxis orphan
dislocated reparandum
Other
Sentence head Punctuation Unspecified dependency
root punct dep

* Only a minority of English treebanks use the flat:foreign subtype.