PRON: pronoun
Definition
Pronouns are words that substitute for nouns or noun phrases. Their meaning is recoverable from the linguistic or extralinguistic context.
Examples
- Personal (subject) pronouns: jag “I”, du “you”, han “he”, hon “she”, det/den “it”, vi “we”, de “they”
- Personal (object)/reflexive pronouns: mig “me/myself”, dig “you/yourself”, honom “him”, henne “her”, sig “itself/himself/herself/themselves”, oss “us/ourselves”
- Demonstrative pronouns: detta “that/this” as in detta är en svår fråga “that is a difficult question”
- Interrogative pronouns: vem “who” vad “what” as in Vad tycker du? “What do you think?”
- Relative pronouns: vem, vad as in vem denna person än är “whoever this person is”
- Indefinite pronouns: någon “someone/anybody”, något “something/anything”
- Totality pronouns: alla “everyone”, allt “everything”
- Negative pronouns: ingen “nobody”, inget “nothing”
Treebank Statistics (UD_Swedish)
There are 52 PRON lemmas (0%), 74 PRON types (0%) and 5975 PRON tokens (6%).
Out of 15 observed tags, the rank of PRON is: 8 in number of lemmas, 8 in number of types and 7 in number of tokens.
The 10 most frequent PRON lemmas: den, som, man, de, vi, sig, du, denna, vad, han
The 10 most frequent PRON types: det, som, man, de, sig, vi, den, du, detta, dem
The 10 most frequent ambiguous lemmas: den (PRON 1380, DET 51, ADV 1), som (PRON 1118, CONJ 428, ADV 72), man (PRON 714, NOUN 186, DET 3), de (PRON 508, DET 90, PROPN 2), vi (PRON 413, DET 139, PROPN 2, NOUN 1), sig (PRON 380, DET 313), du (PRON 256, DET 50), denna (DET 321, PRON 186), vad (PRON 127, ADV 1), han (PRON 120, DET 15)
The 10 most frequent ambiguous types: det (PRON 747, DET 286), som (PRON 1118, CONJ 415, ADV 62), man (PRON 546, NOUN 66), de (DET 512, PRON 292, PROPN 2), den (DET 671, PRON 182), detta (PRON 92, DET 61), vad (PRON 79, ADV 1), jag (PRON 52, NOUN 1), en (DET 1286, NUM 56, PRON 43), andra (ADJ 167, PRON 37)
- det
- som
- man
- de
- den
- detta
- vad
- PRON 79: Då glömmer de fort vad de lärt sig .
- ADV 1: I en vanlig familj är barnen helt utlämnade åt eventuella misstag och försummelser från föräldrarnas sida och , vad mera är , de kan få hela sitt liv upp och nedvänt om föräldrarna skulle skilja sig eller dö och lämna barnen utan någon fast punkt .
- jag
- en
- andra
Morphology
The form / lemma ratio of PRON is 1.423077 (the average of all parts of speech is 1.421413).
The 1st highest number of forms (5) was observed with the lemma “en”: de, den, det, en, ett.
The 2nd highest number of forms (4) was observed with the lemma “denna”: denna, denne, dessa, detta.
The 3rd highest number of forms (3) was observed with the lemma “de”: de, dem, dom.
PRON occurs with 5 features: sv-feat/Definite (4857; 81% instances), sv-feat/Number (4477; 75% instances), sv-feat/Gender (3706; 62% instances), sv-feat/Case (2613; 44% instances), sv-feat/PronType (1310; 22% instances)
PRON occurs with 10 feature-value pairs: Case=Acc, Case=Nom, Definite=Def, Definite=Ind, Gender=Com, Gender=Masc, Gender=Neut, Number=Plur, Number=Sing, PronType=Int,Rel
PRON occurs with 20 feature combinations.
The most frequent feature combination is Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing (1303 tokens).
Examples: det, detta, detsamma
Relations
PRON nodes are attached to their parents using 22 different relations: sv-dep/nsubj (3529; 59% instances), sv-dep/dobj (713; 12% instances), sv-dep/expl (490; 8% instances), sv-dep/nmod (409; 7% instances), sv-dep/nsubjpass (336; 6% instances), sv-dep/mwe (113; 2% instances), sv-dep/iobj (107; 2% instances), sv-dep/conj (47; 1% instances), sv-dep/dislocated (43; 1% instances), sv-dep/root (43; 1% instances), sv-dep/acl (36; 1% instances), sv-dep/det (29; 0% instances), sv-dep/advcl (21; 0% instances), sv-dep/xcomp (13; 0% instances), sv-dep/nmod:agent (8; 0% instances), sv-dep/appos (7; 0% instances), sv-dep/case (7; 0% instances), sv-dep/mark (7; 0% instances), sv-dep/parataxis (6; 0% instances), sv-dep/ccomp (5; 0% instances), sv-dep/acl:relcl (4; 0% instances), sv-dep/csubj (2; 0% instances)
Parents of PRON nodes belong to 11 different parts of speech: VERB (4916; 82% instances), ADJ (451; 8% instances), NOUN (363; 6% instances), PRON (94; 2% instances), ADV (47; 1% instances), ADP (43; 1% instances), ROOT (43; 1% instances), CONJ (6; 0% instances), DET (4; 0% instances), NUM (4; 0% instances), PROPN (4; 0% instances)
5150 (86%) PRON nodes are leaves.
542 (9%) PRON nodes have one child.
172 (3%) PRON nodes have two children.
111 (2%) PRON nodes have three or more children.
The highest child degree of a PRON node is 7.
Children of PRON nodes are attached using 22 different relations: sv-dep/case (412; 31% instances), sv-dep/acl:relcl (217; 16% instances), sv-dep/nmod (125; 9% instances), sv-dep/mwe (105; 8% instances), sv-dep/punct (90; 7% instances), sv-dep/acl (63; 5% instances), sv-dep/cop (60; 5% instances), sv-dep/nsubj (58; 4% instances), sv-dep/advmod (54; 4% instances), sv-dep/mark (33; 2% instances), sv-dep/conj (30; 2% instances), sv-dep/cc (26; 2% instances), sv-dep/det (16; 1% instances), sv-dep/appos (11; 1% instances), sv-dep/advcl (10; 1% instances), sv-dep/neg (7; 1% instances), sv-dep/csubj (4; 0% instances), sv-dep/aux (3; 0% instances), sv-dep/dislocated (3; 0% instances), sv-dep/dobj (3; 0% instances), sv-dep/parataxis (2; 0% instances), sv-dep/nummod (1; 0% instances)
Children of PRON nodes belong to 14 different parts of speech: ADP (427; 32% instances), VERB (224; 17% instances), NOUN (185; 14% instances), PRON (94; 7% instances), PUNCT (91; 7% instances), CONJ (84; 6% instances), ADV (74; 6% instances), ADJ (69; 5% instances), AUX (63; 5% instances), DET (10; 1% instances), SCONJ (5; 0% instances), NUM (3; 0% instances), PROPN (3; 0% instances), INTJ (1; 0% instances)
PRON in other languages: [bg] [cs] [de] [el] [en] [es] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fr] [ga] [he] [hu] [it] [ja] [ko] [sv] [u]