PronType: pronominal type
Prs: personal
Formal written Finnish uses the following personal pronouns:
| Person | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Number | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| Sing | minä | sinä | hän |
| Plur | me | te | he |
Colloquial Finnish and regional dialects include a number of variants for each, such as mä, mie, mää and myö for minä “I”.
Examples
- [fi] minä, sinä, hän, me, te, he “I, you, he/she, we, you, they”
- [fi] minun, sinun, hänen, meidän, teidän, heidän “my, your, his/her, our, your, their”
References
- http://scripta.kotus.fi/visk/sisallys.php?p=716 (in Finnish)
Rcp: reciprocal
Examples
- [fi] toisiaan “each other”
References
- http://scripta.kotus.fi/visk/sisallys.php?p=732 (in Finnish)
Int: interrogative
Examples
- [fi] kuka, mikä, kumpi, millainen “who, what, which, like what”
- [fi] ken “who” (archaic)
References
- http://scripta.kotus.fi/visk/sisallys.php?p=734 (in Finnish)
Rel: relative
Examples
- [fi] joka, mikä, kuka “which, what, who”
References
- http://scripta.kotus.fi/visk/sisallys.php?p=735 (in Finnish)
Dem: demonstrative
Examples
- [fi] tämä, tuo, se, nämä, nuo, ne “this, that, it/that, these, those, they/those”
References
- http://scripta.kotus.fi/visk/sisallys.php?p=720 (in Finnish)
Ind: indefinite
Examples
TODO
Notes: indefinite vs. quantifier pronouns
Some descriptions of Finnish avoid the category label “indefinite
pronouns” (indefiniittipronomi) in favor of “quantifier/quantifying
pronouns” (kvanttoripronomini)
(e.g. http://scripta.kotus.fi/visk/sisallys.php?p=742; in Finnish),
while others recognize both categories
(e.g. Voutilainen et al. 2012).
UD Finnish only uses the PronType value Ind (indefinite) (See also
the note on negative pronouns below).
Notes: negative pronouns
Finnish has no “inherently negative” pronouns (see e.g. http://wals.info/chapter/115) such as [en] nothing or [de] niemand “nobody” but instead uses a negator to construct such expressions:
- ei mitään “nothing”
- ei kukaan “nobody”
Some descriptions separate pronouns that can occur in such expressions
into their own subcategory of negative polarity (kieltohakuiset)
pronouns (see e.g. VISK §
757; in Finnish).
However, as the
UD PronType=Neg
feature only covers inherently negative pronouns, UD Finnish assigns
the PronType value Ind to these pronouns.
PronType in other languages: [arr] [bej] [bg] [bm] [bor] [cs] [el] [en] [es] [fi] [fr] [ga] [gd] [gn] [gub] [gun] [hu] [hy] [it] [ka] [kpv] [ky] [la] [myu] [pcm] [qpm] [sga] [sl] [sv] [tr] [tt] [u] [uk] [urj] [zh]