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InfForm: form of infinitive

(Please note: the labels on this page, including the feature name InfForm, are subject to change.)

Finnish has multiple infinitive forms, often termed the first infinitive, second infinitive, etc. Traditionally five different infinitives have been recognized, but UD Finnish follows the modern ISK grammar in only recognizing three verb forms as infinitives, namely those known as the first, second and third infinitives (alternatively termed the A-, E- and MA-infinitives, see e.g. VISK § 119; in Finnish).

1: first infinitive

The first infinitive is also known as the A-infinitive. It corresponds roughly to the English infinitive introduced by to.

The base form of the first infinitive is used as the dictionary form for verbs.

Examples

• [fi] He haluavat jutella “They want to talk”

References

• http://kaino.kotus.fi/visk/sisallys.php?p=120 (in Finnish)

2: second infinitive

The second infinitive is also known as the E-infinitive.

Examples

• [fi] ottaen huomioon “taking into account”

References

• http://kaino.kotus.fi/visk/sisallys.php?p=120 (in Finnish)

3: third infinitive

The third infinitive is also known as the MA-infinitive.

Examples

• [fi] Menen katsomaan musikaalia “I am going to see a musical”

References

• http://kaino.kotus.fi/visk/sisallys.php?p=121 (in Finnish)

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Treebank Statistics (UD_Finnish)

This feature is language-specific. It occurs with 3 different values: 1, 2, 3.

5037 tokens (3%) have a non-empty value of InfForm. 2009 types (4%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of InfForm. 1084 lemmas (5%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of InfForm. The feature is used with 2 part-of-speech tags: fi-pos/VERB (5005; 3% instances), fi-pos/AUX (32; 0% instances).

VERB

5005 fi-pos/VERB tokens (16% of all VERB tokens) have a non-empty value of InfForm.

The most frequent other feature values with which VERB and InfForm co-occurred: Degree=EMPTY (5005; 100%), PartForm=EMPTY (5005; 100%), Mood=EMPTY (5005; 100%), VerbForm=Inf (5005; 100%), Tense=EMPTY (5005; 100%), Person=EMPTY (5005; 100%), Voice=Act (4941; 99%), Number=Sing (4941; 99%), Case=EMPTY (3011; 60%).

VERB tokens may have the following values of InfForm:

• 1 (3113; 62% of non-empty InfForm): olla, tehdä, ottaa, käyttää, saada, antaa, mennä, pitää, sanoa, tulla
• 2 (568; 11% of non-empty InfForm): kuluessa, tarvittaessa, ottaen, lukien, johtuen, noudattaen, ollessa, liittyen, käyttäen, pitäen
• 3 (1324; 26% of non-empty InfForm): olemassa, tekemään, olemaan, katsomaan, etsimään, käyttämään, opiskelemaan, istumaan, puhumaan, kehittämään

Paradigm olla	1	2	3
Case=Abe|Number=Sing|Voice=Act			olematta
Case=Ade|Number=Sing|Voice=Act			olemalla
Case=Ela|Number=Sing|Voice=Act			olemasta
Case=Ill|Number=Sing|Voice=Act			olemaan
Case=Ine|Number=Sing|Number[psor]=Plur|Person[psor]=1|Voice=Act		ollessamme
Case=Ine|Number=Sing|Number[psor]=Sing|Person[psor]=1|Voice=Act		ollessani
Case=Ine|Number=Sing|Person[psor]=3|Voice=Act		ollessaan
Case=Ine|Number=Sing|Typo=Yes|Voice=Act			oelmassa
Case=Ine|Number=Sing|Voice=Act		ollessa	olemassa
Case=Ine|Voice=Pass		oltaessa
Case=Ins|Number=Sing|Voice=Act		ollen
Case=Tra|Number=Sing|Number[psor]=Sing|Person[psor]=2|Voice=Act	Ollaksesi
Case=Tra|Number=Sing|Person[psor]=3|Voice=Act	ollakseen
Number=Sing|Voice=Act	olla

AUX

32 fi-pos/AUX tokens (1% of all AUX tokens) have a non-empty value of InfForm.

The most frequent other feature values with which AUX and InfForm co-occurred: Voice=Act (32; 100%), Mood=EMPTY (32; 100%), VerbForm=Inf (32; 100%), Number=Sing (32; 100%), Tense=EMPTY (32; 100%), Person=EMPTY (32; 100%).

AUX tokens may have the following values of InfForm:

• 1 (31; 97% of non-empty InfForm): pitää, olla, voidakseen, joutua, mahtaa, pitääkin, saattaapa, täytyä, voida, voidaksemme
• 2 (1; 3% of non-empty InfForm): aikoen

Relations with Agreement in InfForm

The 10 most frequent relations where parent and child node agree in InfForm: VERB –[conj]–> VERB (322; 64%), VERB –[appos]–> VERB (4; 100%).

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Treebank Statistics (UD_Finnish-FTB)

This feature is language-specific. It occurs with 3 different values: 1, 2, 3.

5378 tokens (3%) have a non-empty value of InfForm. 2080 types (5%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of InfForm. 1142 lemmas (5%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of InfForm. The feature is used with 1 part-of-speech tags: fi-pos/VERB (5378; 3% instances).

VERB

5378 fi-pos/VERB tokens (14% of all VERB tokens) have a non-empty value of InfForm.

The most frequent other feature values with which VERB and InfForm co-occurred: PartForm=EMPTY (5378; 100%), Mood=EMPTY (5378; 100%), Number=EMPTY (5378; 100%), VerbForm=Inf (5378; 100%), Tense=EMPTY (5378; 100%), Person=EMPTY (5378; 100%), Voice=Act (5340; 99%), Case=Lat (3415; 63%).

VERB tokens may have the following values of InfForm:

• 1 (3543; 66% of non-empty InfForm): olla, tehdä, mennä, tulla, saada, ottaa, lähteä, sanoa, käydä, pitää
• 2 (432; 8% of non-empty InfForm): ollen, mennessä, ottaen, lukien, ollessa, tullen, tullessaan, katsoen, sanoen, yllättäen
• 3 (1403; 26% of non-empty InfForm): tulemaan, olemaan, tekemään, katsomaan, nukkumaan, puhumaan, tekemättä, maksamaan, ottamaan, toimimaan

Paradigm olla	1	2	3
Case=Ade|Voice=Act			olemalla
Case=Ela|Voice=Act			olemasta
Case=Ill|Voice=Act			olemaan, oleen
Case=Ine|Clitic=Kaan|Voice=Act		ollessakaan
Case=Ine|Number[psor]=Sing|Person[psor]=1|Voice=Act		ollessani
Case=Ine|Person[psor]=3|Voice=Act		ollessaan
Case=Ine|Voice=Act		ollessa
Case=Ine|Voice=Pass		oltaessa
Case=Ins|Voice=Act		ollen
Case=Lat|Clitic=Kaan|Voice=Act	ollakaan
Case=Lat|Clitic=Ko|Voice=Act	Ollako
Case=Lat|Clitic=Pa|Voice=Act	ollapa
Case=Lat|Voice=Act	olla
Case=Tra|Number[psor]=Sing|Person[psor]=2|Voice=Act	Ollaksesi
Case=Tra|Person[psor]=3|Voice=Act	ollakseen

Relations with Agreement in InfForm

The 10 most frequent relations where parent and child node agree in InfForm: VERB –[advcl:compar]–> VERB (3; 100%), VERB –[dep]–> VERB (3; 100%).

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