AUX: auxiliary verb
Definition
An auxiliary verb is a verb that accompanies the lexical verb of a verb phrase and expresses grammatical distinctions not carried by the lexical verb, such as person, number, tense, mood, aspect, and voice.
In Bulgarian the auxiliary verbs are varieties of the verb ‘to be’:
- Vx# / съм / sam “to be”
- Vy# /бъда / bada “to be”
- Vi# / бивам / bivam “to be”
Modal verbs count as main verbs in BulTreeBank tagset and they are thus tagged VERB.
Examples
- Tense and passive auxiliaries: бях / byah “I was”
Note that the symbol `#’, used in the Universal POS section indicates a holder for arbitrary number of features, suppressed in the respective tag as irrelevant in the BulTreeBank tagset, when mapped to the Universal one.
Treebank Statistics (UD_Bulgarian)
There are 3 AUX lemmas (0%), 27 AUX types (0%) and 2031 AUX tokens (1%).
Out of 16 observed tags, the rank of AUX is: 15 in number of lemmas, 12 in number of types and 13 in number of tokens.
The 10 most frequent AUX lemmas: съм, бъда, бивам
The 10 most frequent AUX types: е, са, бе, бъде, бъдат, бяха, беше, съм, би, бил
The 10 most frequent ambiguous lemmas: съм (VERB 2583, AUX 1778), бъда (AUX 251, VERB 139), бивам (AUX 2, VERB 1)
The 10 most frequent ambiguous types: е (VERB 1521, AUX 655), са (VERB 468, AUX 339), бе (AUX 199, VERB 67, PART 2), бъде (AUX 148, VERB 89), бъдат (AUX 98, VERB 21), бяха (AUX 96, VERB 56), беше (VERB 115, AUX 82), съм (AUX 66, VERB 59), би (AUX 48, VERB 34, PART 1), бил (AUX 46, VERB 36)
- е
- са
- бе
- бъде
- бъдат
- бяха
- беше
- съм
- би
- бил
Morphology
The form / lemma ratio of AUX is 9.000000 (the average of all parts of speech is 1.728233).
The 1st highest number of forms (20) was observed with the lemma “съм”: бе, беше, би, бил, била, били, било, бих, биха, бихме, бихте, бях, бяха, бяхме, е, са, си, сме, сте, съм.
The 2nd highest number of forms (6) was observed with the lemma “бъда”: бъда, бъдат, бъде, бъдем, бъдете, бъдеш.
The 3rd highest number of forms (1) was observed with the lemma “бивам”: биват.
AUX occurs with 9 features: bg-feat/Aspect (2008; 99% instances), bg-feat/Number (2008; 99% instances), bg-feat/VerbForm (2008; 99% instances), bg-feat/Tense (1906; 94% instances), bg-feat/Voice (1906; 94% instances), bg-feat/Mood (1889; 93% instances), bg-feat/Person (1889; 93% instances), bg-feat/Definite (119; 6% instances), bg-feat/Gender (78; 4% instances)
AUX occurs with 18 feature-value pairs: Aspect=Imp, Aspect=Perf, Definite=Ind, Gender=Fem, Gender=Masc, Gender=Neut, Mood=Cnd, Mood=Ind, Number=Plur, Number=Sing, Person=1, Person=2, Person=3, Tense=Past, Tense=Pres, VerbForm=Fin, VerbForm=Part, Voice=Act
AUX occurs with 28 feature combinations.
The most frequent feature combination is Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act (648 tokens).
Examples: е
Relations
AUX nodes are attached to their parents using 3 different relations: bg-dep/aux (1608; 79% instances), bg-dep/auxpass (420; 21% instances), bg-dep/cop (3; 0% instances)
Parents of AUX nodes belong to 2 different parts of speech: VERB (2028; 100% instances), ADJ (3; 0% instances)
2030 (100%) AUX nodes are leaves.
1 (0%) AUX nodes have one child.
The highest child degree of a AUX node is 1.
Children of AUX nodes are attached using 1 different relations: bg-dep/nsubj (1; 100% instances)
Children of AUX nodes belong to 1 different parts of speech: PRON (1; 100% instances)
AUX in other languages: [bg] [cs] [de] [el] [en] [es] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fr] [ga] [he] [hu] [it] [ja] [ko] [sv] [u]